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### Derived Verb Form VII (انفعل)

Arabic verbs are often modified into different patterns, or "forms," to change their meaning. Form VII is created by adding the prefix انـ to the three-letter root.

This form is almost always **intransitive**, meaning it does not take a direct object. Instead of someone actively doing an action to something else, Form VII describes an action happening to the subject—often spontaneously, by accident, or as a result of yielding to an outside force.

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### Past and Present Conjugation

Conjugating Form VII is straightforward. In the past tense, it behaves like a regular verb. Notice how the subject of the sentence is the thing undergoing the change.

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In the present tense, the initial vowel drops, and you add the standard present tense prefixes (like يـ for "he/it") directly before the ن.

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Here is how you describe things opening and closing, whether in the past or present:

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### Describing Accidents and Failures

Because Form VII focuses on the result of an action rather than the person who caused it, it is the perfect verb form for describing accidents, mechanical failures, or sudden changes in state.

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### Sudden Movements and Spills

You will also use Form VII extensively for spontaneous physical movements, such as flipping over, slipping, spilling, or rushing forward.

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Derived verb form VII (انفعل)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
to break (intransitive)	انكسرinkasara
The glass broke suddenly.	انكسر الزجاج فجأة.inkasara az-zujâju faj'atan
The cup will not break if you put it here.	لن ينكسر الكوب إذا وضعته هنا.lan yankasira alkûbu idhâ wada'tahu hunâ
to open (intransitive)	انفتحinfataha
The door opened and the dog entered.	انفتح الباب ودخل الكلب.infataha al-bâbu wa dakhala al-kalbu
The man wanted the door to open.	أراد الرجل أن ينفتح الباب.arâda ar-rajulu an yanfatiha al-bâbu
to close (intransitive)	انغلقingalaqa
The window closed suddenly.	انغلقت النافذة فجأة.inghalaqati n-nâfidhatu faj'atan
If the door closes, we will not enter.	إذا انغلق الباب، لن ندخل.idhâ-nghalaqa l-bâbu, lan nadkhula.
The electricity was cut off yesterday evening.	انقطعت الكهرباء أمس مساء.inqataAAti al-kahrabâ'u amsi masâ'an
How many times did the internet disconnect today?	كم مرة انقطع الإنترنت اليوم؟kam marratin inqata'a al-internet al-yawma
to explode	انفجرinfajara
The car engine exploded in the street.	انفجر محرك السيارة في الشارع.infajara muharriku as-sayyarati fi ash-shari'i
The pipe will explode if you do not fix it.	سينفجر الأنبوب إذا لم تصلحه.sayanfajiru al-unbûbu idhâ lam tuslihhu.
to be extinguished / go out	انطفأintafa'a
The fire went out after the rain.	انطفأت النار بعد المطر.intafa'ati an-naru ba'da al-matari
The screen turns off if the electricity is cut.	تنطفئ الشاشة إذا انقطعت الكهرباء.tantafi'u ash-shashatu idha anqata'ati al-kahraba'u
to overturn / flip	انقلبinqalaba
The truck overturned on the bridge.	انقلبت الشاحنة على الجسر.inqalabat ish-shâhinatu 'ala l-jisr
I thought that the car would overturn.	ظننت أن السيارة ستنقلب.zhanantu anna as-sayyârata satanqalibu.
to slip	انزلقinzalaqa
I pulled the rope and the boy slipped.	شددت الحبل فانزلق الولد.shadadtu al-habla fanzalaqa al-waladu
The player slipped on the pitch.	انزلق اللاعب في الملعب.inzalaqa l-lâ'ibu fi l-mal'abi.
to be spilled	انسكبinsakaba
The coffee spilled on my shirt.	انسكبت القهوة على قميصي.insakabati l-qahwatu alâ qamîsî
If you shake the cup, the water will spill.	إذا هززت الكوب سينسكب الماء.idhâ hazazta l-kûba sayansakibu l-mâ'u
to take off / depart	انطلقintalaqa
The train departed from the station.	انطلق القطار من المحطة.intalaqa al-qitâru mina al-mahattati.
The team wanted to depart now.	أراد الفريق أن ينطلق الآن.arâda l-farîqu an yantaliqa l-âna
to rush / to surge	اندفعindafa'a
The water rushed from the pipe that broke.	اندفع الماء من الأنبوب الذي انكسر.indafa'a al-mâ'u mina l-unbûbi alladhî inkasara.
The players are rushing to the stadium now.	يندفع اللاعبون إلى الملعب الآن.yandafi'u al-lâ'ibûna ilâ al-mal'abi al-âna
to separate / to detach	انفصلinfasala
The train cars separated suddenly.	انفصلت عربات القطار فجأة.infasalat arabâtu al-qitâri faj'atan
The tire separates from the car.	ينفصل الإطار عن السيارة.yanfasilu al-itâru 'ani as-sayyârati.
to collapse	انهارinhâra
The old bridge collapsed yesterday evening.	انهار الجسر القديم مساء أمس.inhâra al-jisru al-qadîmu masâ'a amsi
We knew that the building was collapsing.	عرفنا أن المبنى كان ينهار.'arafnâ anna-l-mabnâ kâna yanhâru

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