a spune — to say, to tell

A spune ("to say, to tell") is the neutral, all-purpose verb of speech in Romanian — the one you can safely use in any register, from a chat with a friend to a formal letter. It is a third-conjugation verb (short infinitive in -e: a spune) with a regular present and the short participle spus. Unlike English, which splits "say" and "tell" into two verbs, Romanian covers both with this single verb; the difference is handled by the case of the person you are addressing.

That last point is the key one. A spune takes the thing said in the accusative (the direct object) and the person told in the dative (the indirect object), usually as a clitic pronoun: îmi spune ceva ("he tells me something"), spune-mi! ("tell me!"). Mastering where that little dative pronoun sits — before the verb normally, hooked onto the end in the affirmative imperative — is the heart of using this verb naturally.

Prezent indicativ

PersonForm
euspun
tuspui
el / easpune
noispunem
voispuneți
ei / elespun
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Watch the tu form: it is spui, not spuni. The stem-final n drops before the -i ending and the vowel becomes a glide. Eu spun and ei spun are, as usual for class III, identical.

Imperfect

PersonForm
euspuneam
tuspuneai
el / easpunea
noispuneam
voispuneați
ei / elespuneau

Perfect compus

Auxiliary a avea plus the short participle spus.

PersonForm
euam spus
tuai spus
el / eaa spus
noiam spus
voiați spus
ei / eleau spus

Mai-mult-ca-perfectul (pluperfect)

PersonForm
euspusesem
tuspuseseși
el / easpusese
noispuseserăm
voispuseserăți
ei / elespuseseră

Viitor (future)

Personvoi-future (formal)o să-future (informal)
euvoi spuneo să spun
tuvei spuneo să spui
el / eava spuneo să spună
noivom spuneo să spunem
voiveți spuneo să spuneți
ei / elevor spuneo să spună

Conjunctiv prezent

The third person is irregular: să spună (not să spune).

PersonForm
eusă spun
tusă spui
el / easă spună
noisă spunem
voisă spuneți
ei / elesă spună

Condițional prezent

PersonForm
euaș spune
tuai spune
el / eaar spune
noiam spune
voiați spune
ei / elear spune

Imperativ

The singular imperative is spune! (identical to the 3rd-person present). The plural is spuneți! The negative singular uses the infinitive form, which here looks the same: nu spune!

TypeSingular (tu)Plural (voi)
Affirmativespune!spuneți!
Negativenu spune!nu spuneți!

Non-finite forms

FormRomanian
Infinitive (short / long)(a) spune / spunere
Gerunziuspunând
Participiuspus
Supinde spus

Usage

Reported speech with , the neutral counterpart of zice că:

A spus că vine mai târziu.

He said he's coming later.

Mi-au spus că magazinul e închis lunea.

They told me the shop is closed on Mondays.

The dative person clitic sits before the verb in statements, and the thing said is the direct object:

Nu-mi spune nimic, vreau să fie o surpriză.

Don't tell me anything, I want it to be a surprise.

Îți spun mai târziu ce am decis.

I'll tell you later what I decided.

In the affirmative imperative, the clitic hooks onto the end of the verb with a hyphen:

Spune-mi adevărul, te rog.

Tell me the truth, please.

Spuneți-ne dacă aveți nevoie de ajutor.

Tell us if you need any help.

The supine de spus for "something to say":

Mai am ceva de spus înainte să plecăm.

I have one more thing to say before we leave.

The reflexive se spune for impersonal "they say / it is said":

Se spune că iarna aceasta va fi blândă.

They say this winter will be mild.

Clitic placement

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The dative pronoun flips sides depending on polarity. Affirmative imperative → clitic after, attached with a hyphen: spune-mi!. Negative imperative → clitic before, also hyphenated to nu: nu-mi spune!. This is the single most common slip English speakers make with a spune, because English keeps the word order constant ("tell me" / "don't tell me").

Common Mistakes

❌ Spune mie adevărul.

Incorrect — use the dative clitic attached to the verb, not the stressed pronoun.

✅ Spune-mi adevărul.

Tell me the truth.

❌ Nu spune-mi nimic!

Incorrect — in the negative the clitic moves before the verb: nu-mi spune.

✅ Nu-mi spune nimic!

Don't tell me anything!

❌ Tu spuni mereu același lucru.

Incorrect — the 'tu' form is spui, not *spuni.

✅ Tu spui mereu același lucru.

You always say the same thing.

❌ Vreau să spune ceva.

Incorrect — the 3rd-person subjunctive is spună, not spune.

✅ Vreau să spună ceva.

I want him to say something.

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Related Topics

  • a zice — to sayA2Full conjugation of a zice (to say), the colloquial everyday counterpart of a spune, with its short participle zis and register notes.
  • Class III Present: -e VerbsA2How to conjugate Class III (-e) verbs in the present indicative, with their stem stress, consonant alternations, and the irregularity-dense core verbs a face, a zice, and a duce.
  • Imperatives with Pronoun CliticsB1How object and reflexive clitics attach after affirmative imperatives with a hyphen, but move before negative ones.
  • Direct and Indirect SpeechB2Turning direct speech into indirect: că for statements, să for commands, dacă for yes-no questions, wh-words for content questions, plus pronoun and deixis shifts.
  • Communication Verbs (a spune, a zice, a vorbi, a întreba)B1How Romanian verbs of speaking take their objects: the dative person of a spune, the că-clause for reported speech, and the split between a întreba (ask a question) and a cere (request a thing).