Annotated Dialogue: A Job Interview

A job interview is sustained formal register in its purest form: pan/pani throughout, never a single ty. It also packs three professional-self-presentation tools into one conversation — the instrumental of profession (jestem programistą — "I'm a programmer"), the conditional for aspirations (chciałbym się rozwijać — "I'd like to grow"), and reported achievements in the perfective past (wdrożyłem system — "I implemented a system", a finished, countable result). Mastering this scene is squarely a B2/C1 need: it's how you sound competent and appropriately deferential at the same time.

The interview is between a recruiter (Rekruter) and a candidate (Kandydatka, a woman — note the feminine verb forms she uses about herself).

The dialogue

Dzień dobry, proszę usiąść. Cieszę się, że pani przyszła.

Good morning, please have a seat. I'm glad you came.

Dzień dobry. Dziękuję za zaproszenie na rozmowę.

Good morning. Thank you for inviting me to the interview.

Czym się pani obecnie zajmuje?

What do you currently do? (lit. what are you occupied with)

Jestem analityczką danych w firmie informatycznej.

I'm a data analyst at an IT company.

A jakie ma pani doświadczenie w zarządzaniu zespołem?

And what experience do you have in managing a team?

Przez dwa lata kierowałam zespołem pięciu osób.

For two years I led a team of five people.

Proszę powiedzieć o jakimś sukcesie zawodowym.

Please tell me about a professional success.

Wdrożyłam nowy system raportowania i skróciłam czas pracy o połowę.

I implemented a new reporting system and cut the working time in half.

Imponujące. Dlaczego chce pani zmienić pracę?

Impressive. Why do you want to change jobs?

Chciałabym się rozwijać i mieć większy wpływ na strategię firmy.

I'd like to grow and have a greater influence on the company's strategy.

Jakie są pani mocne strony?

What are your strengths?

Jestem dobrze zorganizowana i potrafię pracować pod presją.

I'm well organised and I can work under pressure.

Świetnie. Odezwiemy się do pani w przyszłym tygodniu.

Great. We'll get back to you next week.

Grammar in this dialogue

Sustained formal address — pan / pani and the third person

The whole interview runs on the formal pan (to a man) / pani (to a woman) system, and the defining feature trips up almost every learner from English: you address the person in the third person, not the second. Czym się pani zajmuje? is literally "With what does the lady occupy herself?" — the verb is third-person singular (zajmuje), with pani as its grammatical subject. You never say ty ("you") in this setting; doing so to an interviewer would be a serious social misstep.

Czy może pan podać swoje oczekiwania finansowe?

Could you state your salary expectations?

Jak pani ocenia swoją znajomość angielskiego?

How do you rate your knowledge of English?

Notice that the verbs (może, ocenia) are third-person singular — they agree with pan/pani, not with a "you". The case of pan/pani changes with the verb's government too: here do pani ("to you") is genitive in Odezwiemy się do pani. This third-person formality is the single biggest register feature of Polish; it's laid out in full on the formality ty/pan page.

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Formal Polish = third person. Co pan robi? literally asks "What is the gentleman doing?" — but it means "What are you doing?". Train yourself to hear pan/pani + a 3rd-person verb as a polite "you", and never let ty slip out in an interview.

The instrumental of profession — jestem analityczką

To say what you are — your job, role, or identity — Polish uses być + the instrumental, not the nominative. The candidate says Jestem analityczką danych ("I'm a data analyst"), where analityczka ("analyst", feminine) goes into the instrumental analityczką. English uses a bare noun after "be" (I am an analyst); Polish marks the predicate noun with the instrumental case.

Jestem programistą i pracuję w zespole frontendowym.

I'm a programmer and I work on the front-end team.

On jest moim przełożonym.

He is my supervisor.

Chcę zostać kierownikiem projektu.

I want to become a project manager.

The instrumental also surfaces when you describe what you do with the reflexive zajmować się + instrumental — literally "to occupy oneself with [something]". The recruiter's Czym się pani zajmuje? uses czym (instrumental of co, "what"), and an answer like Zajmuję się marketingiem ("I deal with marketing") keeps the instrumental. So both "I am X" and "I deal with X" lean on this one case. The predicate-noun rule is on the instrumental predicate page.

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Two interview staples both want the instrumental: Jestem [zawód]em ("I'm a [profession]") and Zajmuję się [czym] ("I deal with [what]"). Drill the instrumental endings of your own job title — it's the first thing you'll be asked.

The conditional for aspirations — chciałabym się rozwijać

Asked why she wants to move, the candidate frames her goals in the conditional: Chciałabym się rozwijać ("I'd like to grow / develop"). The conditional is the register-appropriate way to state ambitions — softer and more polished than the bald Chcę się rozwijać ("I want to grow"). It signals that the aspiration is a considered wish rather than a demand.

Chciałbym objąć bardziej odpowiedzialne stanowisko.

I'd like to take on a more responsible position.

W przyszłości chciałabym zarządzać większym projektem.

In the future I'd like to manage a larger project.

Because the candidate is a woman, her conditional is chciałabym (note the -a- before -bym); a man would say chciałbym. The formation of these -by conditionals is on the conditional with -by. Pair them with the work-and-career vocabulary on work and study expressions.

Reported achievements — the perfective past

When the candidate sells her track record, every accomplishment is a completed, bounded result, so it goes in the perfective past: Wdrożyłam ("I implemented"), skróciłam ("I cut/shortened"), kierowałam ("I led"). The perfective is the aspect of the finished deal — one whole action with a result you can point to — which is exactly the register of an achievement on a CV.

Zwiększyłam sprzedaż o trzydzieści procent.

I increased sales by thirty percent.

Wdrożyliśmy nowy system w trzy miesiące.

We rolled out the new system in three months.

Contrast the imperfective kierowałam zespołem ("I led/was leading a team") — an ongoing responsibility over dwa lata — with the perfective wdrożyłam system ("I implemented a system") — a single completed feat. Interviewers expect both: imperfective for "what I was doing over time", perfective for "the concrete results I delivered". That meaning contrast is the heart of the perfective aspect. And again: the candidate's past forms are feminine (wdrożyłam, skróciłam); a man reports wdrożyłem, skróciłem.

Common Mistakes

❌ Co ty robisz w obecnej pracy?

Incorrect — 'ty' is far too familiar for an interview.

✅ Czym się pan zajmuje w obecnej pracy?

What do you do in your current job?

Never use ty with an interviewer. Use pan/pani with a third-person verb.

❌ Jestem programista.

Incorrect — the predicate noun after 'być' needs the instrumental.

✅ Jestem programistą.

I'm a programmer.

Profession after być goes in the instrumental: programistą, analityczką, kierownikiem.

❌ Chcę więcej pieniędzy i lepsze stanowisko.

Blunt — present 'chcę' lands like a demand; soften aspirations with the conditional.

✅ Chciałbym się rozwijać i objąć lepsze stanowisko.

I'd like to grow and take on a better position.

State goals in the conditional (chciałbym/chciałabym); bare chcę sounds demanding in formal register.

❌ Przez dwa lata wdrażałam i już skończyłam ten system.

Mismatched aspect — a single finished feat should be perfective throughout.

✅ Wdrożyłam ten system w dwa lata.

I implemented this system in two years.

For a completed achievement use the perfective (wdrożyłam); reserve the imperfective for ongoing duties.

❌ Jakie ma ty doświadczenie?

Incorrect — mixes a 3rd-person verb pattern with 'ty', and is too informal.

✅ Jakie ma pani doświadczenie?

What experience do you have?

Keep the formal frame consistent: pan/pani + third-person verb (ma), never ty.

Key Takeaways

  • A job interview is all formal: pan/pani with a third-person verb, never ty.
  • Say your role with być + instrumental (jestem analityczką) and "I deal with X" with zajmować się
    • instrumental.
  • Frame aspirations in the conditional (chciałbym/chciałabym się rozwijać), not the blunt chcę.
  • Report concrete achievements in the perfective past (wdrożyłam, skróciłam); use imperfective for ongoing duties (kierowałam).
  • Watch your own gender in past and conditional forms: wdrożyłam/wdrożyłem, chciałabym/chciałbym.

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Related Topics

  • Formality: ty versus pan/paniA1The core Polish politeness system — informal ty with a 2nd-person verb versus formal pan/pani/państwo with a THIRD-person verb — and when to switch.
  • Instrumental as Predicate (Jestem nauczycielem)A2Why 'I am a teacher' is jestem nauczycielem (instrumental) — the predicate noun after być, zostać and okazać się — and why a predicate adjective (jestem zmęczony) stays nominative.
  • The Conditional: -by and the Movable ParticleB1The Polish conditional is the past -ł form plus the particle by plus a personal clitic — robiłbym 'I would do' — and the by is movable, hopping onto a fronted word or conjunction (Chętnie bym to zrobił, gdybym, żebyś).
  • Work, Study, and Daily RoutineB1How to talk about your job, your studies, and your day in Polish — Czym się zajmujesz? (zajmować się + instrumental), the two ways to name a profession (jestem nauczycielem, instrumental, vs pracuję jako nauczyciel, jako + nominative), Studiuję… (+ accusative), Mam spotkanie, Jestem zajęty, and the reflexive routine verbs wstaję / kładę się spać.
  • The Perfective: Completion, Result, Single EventB1The perfective aspect views an action as a single bounded whole that reached its endpoint — it foregrounds the result and the boundary, lines up events in narrative, and crucially has no present tense.