Lehet expresses possibility or permission: “can,” “may,” “it is possible,” or “perhaps.” In the impersonal modal frame it remains third-person singular before an infinitive: itt lehet várni “one can wait here.” When it means that a particular subject can be something, it has full personal forms: lehetek, lehetsz, lehetünk.
This reference separates those two structures and covers past lehetett, conditional lehetne, subjunctive lehessen, infinitive and lexicalized participles, clause complements, discourse uses, and prefix placement. Unlabeled forms are neutral standard Hungarian. Compare personal ability with tud.
Principal parts and structural split
| Form | Central value | Example |
|---|---|---|
| lehet | can/may be; it is possible/allowed | lehet itt; itt lehet várni |
| lehetett | could/may have been; was possible | nyitva lehetett |
| lehetne | could be; it would be possible | jobb lehetne |
| lehessen | so that it can/may be | hogy használni lehessen |
| lehetni | to be possible / to be able to be | ott lehetni |
A földszinten bankkártyával is lehet fizetni.
You can also pay by bank card on the ground floor.
No subject pronoun equivalent to generic English you is required. Lehet evaluates the activity fizetni as available or permitted.
Personal forms: can or may be
| Person | Present | Past | Conditional |
|---|---|---|---|
| én | lehetek | lehettem | lehetnék |
| te | lehetsz | lehettél | lehetnél |
| ő / ön | lehet | lehetett | lehetne |
| mi | lehetünk | lehettünk | lehetnénk |
| ti | lehettek | lehettetek | lehetnétek |
| ők / önök | lehetnek | lehettek | lehetnének |
These forms belong to a personal subject that can occupy a state, role, or location. The verb remains intransitive and has no definite-object paradigm.
Ha minden jól megy, jövő héten már otthon lehetek.
If everything goes well, I may be home as early as next week.
Ti lehettek az elsők, akik kipróbálják az új műhelyt.
You can be the first to try the new workshop.
A zaj forrása akár a szellőzőrendszer is lehetett.
The source of the noise may even have been the ventilation system.
Present second-person plural and past third-person plural are both lehettek. An explicit ti or a past-time context disambiguates them.
Impersonal modality and its actor
With an infinitive, lehet normally stays singular. A generic actor remains unexpressed; a specific actor can be dative and appear on the personal infinitive.
| Actor | Personal infinitive of menni | Modal frame |
|---|---|---|
| én / nekem | mennem | nekem lehet mennem |
| te / neked | menned | neked lehet menned |
| ő / neki | mennie | neki lehet mennie |
| mi / nekünk | mennünk | nekünk lehet mennünk |
| ti / nektek | mennetek | nektek lehet mennetek |
| ők / nekik | menniük | nekik lehet menniük |
Nekünk is lehet használnunk a hátsó bejáratot?
May we use the rear entrance too?
A gyakornokoknak pénteken otthonról lehet dolgozniuk.
The interns may work from home on Friday.
In conversation, the dative with a bare infinitive (nekünk is lehet használni?) also occurs. Careful explicit reference favors matching personal használnunk.
Past, conditional, and counterfactual possibility
Impersonal lehetett states that an action was possible or permitted; lehetne presents a hypothetical option or softens a suggestion.
Tegnap még ingyen lehetett módosítani a foglalást.
Yesterday it was still possible to change the booking for free.
Ezt a bekezdést rövidebben is meg lehetne fogalmazni.
This paragraph could also be worded more concisely.
Lehetne egy kérdésem a garanciával kapcsolatban?
Could I ask a question about the warranty? (polite)
Past counterfactual possibility uses lehetett volna.
Korábban is el lehetett volna kezdeni a felújítást.
The renovation could have been started earlier.
The construction presents an unrealized option. Plain el lehetett kezdeni merely says starting was possible and does not by itself say whether it happened.
Imperative–subjunctive and infinitive
The full personal imperative–subjunctive is lehessek, lehess/lehessél, lehessen, lehessünk, lehessetek, lehessenek. It is most natural in purpose and desired-state clauses.
Korán indultam, hogy ott lehessek a megnyitón.
I left early so that I could be there at the opening.
A felirat legyen nagyobb, hogy messziről is el lehessen olvasni.
The lettering should be larger so that it can be read from a distance.
A szabályokat úgy alakítsák ki, hogy a kisvállalkozások is versenyképesek lehessenek.
The rules should be designed so that small businesses can also be competitive.
The infinitive is lehetni; its personal forms are lehetnem, lehetned, lehetnie, lehetnünk, lehetnetek, lehetniük. The series is grammatically regular but rare in current usage; speakers normally choose finite lehetek or a hogy clause instead. The first-person form remains possible in deliberately formal phrasing:
Megtiszteltetés volt jelen lehetnem ezen a különleges alkalmon.
It was an honor for me to be present on this special occasion. (formal)
Participles and derived possibility words
Impersonal modal lehet lacks a freely used modern participial series. Lehető survives as a lexicalized modifier, especially a lehető legjobb “the best possible.” Lehetséges “possible,” lehetetlen “impossible,” and lehetőség “possibility/opportunity” are derived words, not finite forms of the paradigm.
A lehető legkorábbi időpontra kértem a vizsgálatot.
I requested the examination for the earliest possible date.
Regular-looking lehetendő and lehetve are not neutral contemporary forms. Use lehetséges, a finite clause, or the appropriate construction instead.
Infinitive, clause, and discourse uses
Lehet + infinitive evaluates an action as possible or allowed. Lehet, hogy + finite clause marks an epistemic possibility: the speaker presents the proposition as perhaps true.
A csomagot a portán is át lehet venni.
The parcel can also be collected at reception.
Lehet, hogy a vonat a vihar miatt késik.
The train may be delayed because of the storm.
As a short response, Lehet. means “Maybe / That's possible.” With conditional, an elliptical request or suggestion becomes softer.
– Szerinted elfogadják a másolatot? – Lehet, de inkább vidd el az eredetit is.
‘Do you think they'll accept the copy?’ ‘Maybe, but take the original too, just in case.’
Lehetne egy kicsit halkabban?
Could you keep it a little quieter? (polite but elliptical)
Permission, possibility, and ability
Context decides whether lehet grants permission or states feasibility. Tud normally attributes ability or acquired skill to a person, while szabad makes permission explicit.
Itt lehet fényképezni, de vakut nem szabad használni.
Photography is allowed here, but flash must not be used.
Zsófi már tud úszni, ezért a mélyebb medencében is gyakorolhat.
Zsófi can already swim, so she may practice in the deeper pool too.
The first contrasts allowed with forbidden. The second contrasts skill tud with granted possibility -hat. Translating every English can as lehet erases this distinction.
Prefix placement and meglehet
In be lehet menni, meg lehet javítani, the apparent prefix belongs to the infinitive, not to lehet. Neutral affirmative order favors climbing; negation and focus normally keep the prefix attached to the infinitive.
A jegyet indulás előtt is meg lehet venni az alkalmazásban.
The ticket can also be bought in the app before departure.
Ezen az ajtón nem lehet bemenni az épületbe.
You cannot enter the building through this door.
Csak személyesen lehet átvenni az elkészült okmányt.
The completed document can be collected only in person. (formal)
Written-together meglehet is a separate (formal/literary) discourse word meaning “it may be/perhaps.” It is not the structure in meg lehet venni.
Meglehet, hogy az első becslés túl óvatos volt.
It may be that the first estimate was too cautious. (formal/literary)
Common Mistakes
❌ Nekünk lehet használniuk a tárgyalót.
Incorrect personal infinitive: first-person plural requires használnunk.
✅ Nekünk lehet használnunk a tárgyalót.
We may use the meeting room.
❌ Mi lehetünk a teremben maradni.
Incorrect double-predicate structure: use a potential verb or impersonal lehet with an infinitive.
✅ Mi a teremben maradhatunk.
We may remain in the room.
❌ Lehet, hogy bezárt-e már a pénztár.
Incorrect mixture: epistemic lehet, hogy takes a declarative clause, not interrogative -e.
✅ Lehet, hogy már bezárt a pénztár.
The ticket office may already have closed.
⚠️ Nem meg lehet javítani ezt a hibát.
Possible only under corrective contrast; neutral negation keeps meg with the infinitive.
✅ Nem lehet megjavítani ezt a hibát.
This fault cannot be repaired.
Key Takeaways
- Personal lehetek/lehetsz/lehet... means a subject can or may be; impersonal lehet + infinitive evaluates an action.
- A specific actor may be dative and appear on a personal infinitive.
- Lehetett, lehetne, and lehetett volna distinguish past possibility, hypothetical possibility, and unrealized past options.
- Lehet, hogy marks proposition probability; infinitival lehet marks event possibility or permission.
- A climbed prefix belongs to the infinitive; written-together meglehet is a formal/literary discourse word.
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