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In this lesson you will learn how to use verbs in the aorist tense.
	Since the aorist is a complicated tense in Turkish, it is divided into three lessons.



	The aorist is a tense that is not very common in other languages.
	It roughly translates to the English present simple tense, but not always.
	Be ready to see aorist used for the translation of the English present tense, the English future tense and sometimes even the English past tense.
	You will first see how the aorist is conjugated, and then we'll show you some of the functions it performs.

 

	The aorist is formed by taking the stem of a verb, appending an r, and then appending a personal ending.
	If the stem ends in a consonant, a vowel is first added as a buffer letter.
	This vowel obeys vowel harmony, but depends on the length of the stem.
	If the stem is monosyllabic, consisting of a single syllable, we add the buffer vowel E.
	If the stem is polysyllabic, consisting of multiple syllables, we add the buffer vowel İ.


<table class="ui celled definition table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Regular Positive Aorist</th>
 <th>Singular with Monosyllabic Stem</th>
			<th>Singular with Polysyllabic Stem</th>
 <th>Plural with Monosyllabic Stem</th>
			<th>Plural with Polysyllabic Stem</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>First person</td>
 <td>-(E)rİm</td>
			<td>-(İ)rİm</td>
 <td>-(E)rİz</td>
			<td>-(İ)rİz</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Second person</td>
 <td>-(E)rsİn</td>
			<td>-(İ)rsİn</td>
 <td>-(E)rsİnİz</td>
			<td>-(İ)rsİnİz</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Third person</td>
 <td>-(E)r</td>
			<td>-(İ)r</td>
 <td>-(E)rlEr</td>
			<td>-(İ)rlEr</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>


	The aorist is used in many situations.
	Below we list its most common functions, together with examples to make them clear.
	Note the differences in the suffix between verbs with monosyllabic stems and verbs with polysyllabic stems.


<table class="ui celled definition table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Functions</th>
 <th>Turkish</th>
			<th>English</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Habitual activity</td>
			<td>Sinemaya genellikle sabah giderim. Her gün yeni bir şey öğrenirim.</td>
			<td>I usually go to the cinema in the morning. I learn something new every day.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Idioms and proverbs</td>
			<td>Dost acı söyler.</td>
			<td>A true friend talks bitter.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Uncertain future plans</td>
			<td>Belki yarın derse gideriz.</td>
			<td>Maybe we will go to the lesson tomorrow.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Willingness to do something</td>
			<td>Ben onu yaparım.</td>
			<td>I'll do it.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Politeness</td>
			<td>Teşekkür ederiz.</td>
			<td>We thank you.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Polite requests</td>
			<td>Kapıyı açar mısın? Lütfen kapıyı kapatır mısınız?</td>
			<td>Could you open the door? Could you please close the door?</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
 <td>Commands</td>
			<td>Okula gidersin.</td>
			<td>You will go to school.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

The positive regular aorist

noun

adjective

determiner

verb

adverb

postposition

interjection

conjunction

pronoun

sentence

phrase

Unknown

NOUN - vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

VERB - intransitive, passive

VERB - intransitive, non-passive

VERB - transitive, non-causative

VERB - transitive, causative

VERB - ablative

VERB - dative

VERB - locative

VERB - accusative

VERB - intransitive, reciprocal

VERB - intransitive, reflexive

VERB - auxiliary

Counting to 10

Fruits

The days of the week

The months of the year

Demonstratives

Adjectives

Vegetables

Animals extended

Hello and goodbye

Colors

First degree family

Nouns and articles

Plural nouns and minor vowel harmony

Personal pronouns

The verb "to be"

There is and there are

The infinitive and the stem

The imperative and major vowel harmony

The present continuous

The locative case suffix

The accusative case suffix

The dative case suffix

Final consonant harmony

Negative verbs

Questions in the present continuous

Questions with the verb "to be"

The imperative

The imperative forms of yemek and demek

Different uses of the present continuous

Irregular verbs

The Turkish alphabet

The indefinite article and the number one

The negative form of "to be"

Question words

Meeting people

Conjunctions

Stress inside questions

Locative location pronouns

Dative and ablative location pronouns

Accusative and locative personal pronouns

The genitive case suffix

Genitive personal pronouns

Extended family

The possession suffix

Dative and ablative personal pronouns

Expressing possession with var and yok

Clothing

The head and related parts

Compound nouns

Body parts

Combining suffixes

Water and the possession suffix

Vowel elimination on suffixation

Location postpositions

Location postpositions 2

Extra vocabulary and expressions

The ablative case suffix

Wearing things

Demonstratives with case suffixes

Counting larger numbers

Using numbers and quantifiers

A bit much and more and less

Animals

Telling time

The instrumentative

The definite simple past

Food

Nuts

Countries

Traffic and directions

The weather

With and without

Nationalities

Question	Answer
I usually go to the cinema in the morning.	Sinemaya genellikle sabah giderim.
Maybe we will go to the lesson tomorrow.	Belki yarın derse gideriz.
Money attracts money.	Para parayı çeker.
We thank you.	Teşekkür ederiz.
Could you open the door?	Kapıyı açar mısın?
Do they drink beer?	Bira içerler mi?
borek^{GOOGLE IT}	börek
Would you like to eat some borek? [Lit.] Do you eat borek?	Börek yer misiniz?
You will look after my children.	Çocuklarıma bakarsın.
true friend	dost
A true friend talks bitter.^LITERALLY / You have to be cruel to be kind.	Dost acı söyler.
whisper	fısıltı
to destroy, to demolish, to collapse	yıkmak
Whispers wreck homes.^LITERALLY	Fısıltı ev yıkar.
I'll do it.	Ben onu yaparım.
You will go to school.	Okula gidersin.
I learn something new every day.	Her gün yeni bir şey öğrenirim.
Could you please close the door?	Lütfen kapıyı kapatır mısınız?
He knows Russians well.	Rusları iyi tanır.

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