Learn Turkish: Hangi robot yörüngeyi inceleyecek? - Which robot will examine the orbit?

The verb root is incele- (to examine), which ends in a vowel. The future tense suffix is -ecek. Because Turkish doesn't like having two vowels right next to each other, we insert the buffer letter y to separate them: incele + y + ecek.

How do we know whether to use -acak or -ecek for this verb?

We look at the last vowel of the verb root, incele-. The last vowel is e, which is a front vowel. According to Turkish vowel harmony rules, front vowels (e, i, ö, ü) take -ecek, while back vowels (a, ı, o, u) take -acak.

Why does the word yörünge (orbit) end with -yi here?

It takes the accusative case (specific direct object ending) because the robot is examining the specific orbit. The suffix is -i, but since yörünge ends in a vowel, we need a buffer y to connect them, making it yörüngeyi.

Why doesn't the verb inceleyecek have a personal ending at the end?