Questions & Answers about ฉัน เขียน จดหมาย ค่ะ
How would I use this sentence structure to ask "What are you writing?"
In Thai, question words like "what" (อะไร) sit exactly where the answer goes. Since the answer here is the object จดหมาย (letter), you just replace it with อะไร. To ask "What are you writing?", you change the pronoun and say คุณเขียนอะไรคะ.
How would I change this sentence to ask "Who is writing a letter?"
Just like with "what", the word for "who" (ใคร) replaces the person in the sentence. You swap out the subject ฉัน (I) for ใคร to get ใครเขียนจดหมายคะ.
The English translation says "am writing", but I don't see a word for "am" or "-ing". How do we know the tense?
Thai verbs don't change form to show tense, and there is no verb "to be" used for continuous actions. เขียน can mean "write", "wrote", or "am writing" depending on the context. If you really want to emphasize that you are doing it right now, you could add the continuous word กำลัง before the verb: ฉันกำลังเขียนจดหมายค่ะ.
Why isn't there a word for "a" before the word letter?
Thai doesn't use articles like "a", "an", or "the". The word จดหมาย simply covers the concept of "letter". If you needed to emphasize that it is exactly one letter, you would use a number and a classifier, but for a general statement like this, just the noun alone is perfectly natural.
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