Learn Swedish: Vinylskivan köpte min pappa nog igår. - The vinyl record, my dad probably bought yesterday.

By putting the object (Vinylskivan) at the start of the sentence, you emphasize it—as if saying, "As for the vinyl record, my dad bought it." Because Swedish strictly requires the verb to be in the second position (the V2 rule), the subject (min pappa) must swap places with the verb and come right after it.

I learned that nog means "enough". Why does it mean "probably" here?

You are right that nog means "enough" in phrases like det är bra nog (that is good enough). However, it is also extremely common as a sentence adverb meaning "probably," "likely," or "I suppose." Here, the speaker is making a fairly confident guess that their dad bought the record yesterday.

Why is the adverb nog placed after min pappa instead of right after the verb?

In a standard sentence starting with the subject, an adverb like nog or inte goes right after the verb. But when a sentence starts with something else (like the object Vinylskivan), the subject is forced to follow the verb. In this inverted word order, the sentence adverb must wait and come after the subject. The order becomes: Verb (köpte) + Subject (min pappa) + Adverb (nog).

How does the definite ending work on a compound word like Vinylskivan?