Katten är grå.

Breakdown of Katten är grå.

vara
to be
katten
the cat
grå
grey

Questions & Answers about Katten är grå.

Why is the word katten used here instead of just katt?
Instead of using a separate word for 'the' in front of a noun, Swedish attaches an ending to it. Because katt is an en-word, you add -en to the end to make katten (the cat).
Why does the adjective grå look like this, and when would it change?
Adjectives in Swedish change to match the gender and number of the noun they describe. Because katten is a singular en-word, we use the base form grå. If we were describing a singular ett-word, it would become grått. For multiple cats, you would use the plural form gråa.
If I want to ask 'Which cat is grey?', which word for 'which' do I use?
You choose based on the noun's gender and number! Since katt is a singular en-word, you must use the matching en-word form for 'which': vilken. The question would simply be: Vilken katt är grå?

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