Impersonal passives

To describe a general activity or lively atmosphere without specifying exactly who is doing the action, use an impersonal passive. This is common when talking about festivities and cultural traditions.

The impersonal s-passive

In Swedish, even intransitive verbs (verbs that don't take a direct object, like "dance" or "cheer") can take a passive form. Use the dummy subject det (it/there) followed by the verb's s-passive form (usually adding -s).

This construction often translates to "There is [activity]" or "People are [activity]ing" in English.

There is dancing and singing at the carnival.
Det dansas och sjungs på karnevalen.
There is cheering when the parade passes.
Det jublas när paraden passerar.

Word order

Because Swedish is a V2 (verb-second) language, if you start a sentence with a time, place, or adverbial phrase, the verb must still take the second position. The dummy subject det then shifts to the third position, immediately following the passive verb.

During the holiday, there is partying all night.
Under högtiden festas det hela natten.
According to tradition, there is toasting in the park.
Enligt traditionen skålas det i parken.

Combining activities

You can string multiple impersonal passive verbs together to paint a vivid picture of a celebration.

There is partying and toasting in front of the fireworks.
Det festas och skålas framför fyrverkeriet.