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Spanish (Spain)

### Same word, a new meaning

| you know | the new meaning |
|---|---|
| **estrenar** to wear for the first time | **estrenar** to premiere, to release |
| **el conjunto** the outfit | **el conjunto** the set, the whole |
| **el crítico** the critic | **crítico** critical |
| **el reflejo** the reflex | **el reflejo** the reflection |
| **la aparición** the apparition | **la aparición** the appearance |
| **el argumento** the plot | **el argumento** the argument |

**Estrenar** is to use something for the first time: new clothes, a new car, or a film shown to the public for the first time:

{{item:1254638}}

{{item:1254637}}

*En conjunto* means 'on the whole'; *un conjunto de* is 'a set of':

{{item:1254640}}

### Critics, reflections and appearances

*El crítico* is a person; *crítico* describes, and agrees like any adjective (*crítica*, *críticos*):

{{item:1254644}}

Quick *reflejos* save a goalkeeper, but *un reflejo* in a mirror, in water or on a screen is a reflection:

{{item:1254648}}

A ghost is *una aparición*. In reviews and the news the word usually means something new appearing, or an actor's appearance:

{{item:1254652}}

### Plot or argument?

*El argumento de la película* is usually its plot. Someone's *argumentos* are the reasons they give:

{{item:1254658}}

{{item:1254656}}

Talking about films and series (estrenar, el argumento, en conjunto)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
to premiere, to release (a film, show)	estrenar
The platform premieres the series on Friday.	La plataforma estrena la serie el viernes.
They have released the second season this month.	Han estrenado la segunda temporada este mes.
She wore a new dress the day they premiered her film.	Ella estrenó vestido el día que estrenaron su película.
the set, the whole	el conjunto
On the whole, the series is very good.	En conjunto, la serie es muy buena.
The film is a set of short stories.	La película es un conjunto de historias cortas.
On the whole, the actors are very good.	En conjunto, los actores están muy bien.
critical	crítico
The critics were very critical of the film.	Los críticos fueron muy críticos con la película.
It is a critical moment for Spanish cinema.	Es un momento crítico para el cine español.
My sister is very critical of everything.	Mi hermana es muy crítica con todo.
the reflection (image in a mirror, water)	el reflejo
In the last scene, she looks at her reflection in the water.	En la última escena, mira su reflejo en el agua.
I saw my reflection on the phone's screen.	Vi mi reflejo en la pantalla del móvil.
The series is a reflection of Spanish society.	La serie es un reflejo de la sociedad española.
the appearance (emergence, coming onto the scene)	la aparición
The appearance of digital platforms has changed cinema.	La aparición de las plataformas digitales ha cambiado el cine.
Her appearance in the series was very short.	Su aparición en la serie fue muy corta.
Since the appearance of the internet, we read less.	Desde la aparición de internet, leemos menos.
the argument (reason, line of reasoning)	el argumento
Your arguments don't convince me.	Tus argumentos no me convencen.
The director explained her arguments in an interview.	La directora explicó sus argumentos en una entrevista.
I don't like the plot, but you have good arguments for watching the film.	No me gusta el argumento, pero tienes buenos argumentos para ver la película.

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