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Spanish (Spain)

### Starting the game with "primero"

When explaining the rules of a board game, you need to organize your instructions. To start a sequence of events, use the word **primero** (first).

It usually goes at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a comma. You will often use it alongside game vocabulary like **la regla** (the rule) and **el tablero** (the board).

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### Continuing the sequence with "después"

To explain the next steps, use **después** (then / afterwards). Like **primero**, it frequently sits at the start of the sentence to smoothly transition to the next action. This is when you might tell someone to roll **el dado** (the die) or move their **ficha** (piece/token).

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If you want to say "after" a specific event or person, use the phrase **después de**. Remember that **de** + **el** combines to form **del**. This is very useful for explaining **el turno** (the turn) of each **jugador** (player).

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### Finishing up with "al final"

To describe the outcome or the last step of the game, use the phrase **al final** (at the end). You will usually hear this right before finding out who is going to **ganar** (to win).

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Sequencing words (primero, después...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the rule (regulation, grammar)	la regla
First, I explain the rules to you.	Primero, te explico las reglas.
The rules are very easy.	Las reglas son muy fáciles.
the board (game board, panel)	el tablero
The board is on the table.	El tablero está sobre la mesa.
First, we put the board here.	Primero, ponemos el tablero aquí.
the player	el jugador
How many players are there?	¿Cuántos jugadores hay?
My brother is ten years old and plays first.	Mi hermano tiene diez años y juega primero.
the turn / the shift (at work)	el turno
Now it is my turn.	Ahora es mi turno.
then / afterwards (later in time)	después
After the red player, it is your turn.	Después del jugador rojo, es tu turno.
the die	el dado
Then, you need the dice.	Después, necesitas los dados.
The dice? I give them to you.	¿Los dados? Te los doy.
to throw / to roll	tirar
First, you throw the die.	Primero, tiras el dado.
You can throw the dice now.	Puedes tirar los dados ahora.
the piece / the token	la ficha
Then, you put your piece on the board.	Después, pones tu ficha en el tablero.
I take the blue piece.	Cojo la ficha azul.
to advance	avanzar
Then, you advance three.	Después, avanzas tres.
If you throw a five, you advance quickly.	Si tiras un cinco, avanzas rápido.
to win	ganar
The player who arrives first wins.	El jugador que llega primero gana.
The girl always wins the game!	¡La chica siempre gana el juego!
the end	el final
At the end, we see who wins the game.	Al final, vemos quién gana el juego.
At the end, I win!	¡Al final gano yo!