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Spanish (Spain)

### Verbs of request and command

When you ask, tell, or recommend that someone else do something, Spanish uses the subjunctive. The first verb expresses the request or recommendation in the normal (indicative) mood. This is followed by **que**, and then the action being requested is conjugated in the subjunctive mood. 

Common verbs that trigger this structure include **pedir** (to ask/request) and **recomendar** (to recommend).

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### Expressing rules and permission

Verbs used to set rules or grant permission—such as **prohibir** (to prohibit) and **permitir** (to allow)—follow the exact same pattern when applying to someone else. 

Keep an eye on **prohibir**, which requires an accent mark on the **í** in most of its present tense forms (e.g., *prohíbe*, *prohíben*).

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### Specifying who receives the request

You will often see an indirect object pronoun (such as **me**, **te**, **le**, **nos**, or **les**) placed just before the first verb. This tells us exactly *who* is being told, advised, or asked to do the action.

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Request and command verbs (pedir que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the slide	el tobogán
The lifeguard prohibits us from using that slide.	El socorrista prohíbe que usemos ese tobogán.
I recommend that you don't go down the slide yet.	Recomiendo que no bajes por el tobogán todavía.
the wristband; the bracelet	la pulsera
the locker	la taquilla
They ask that we leave the wristband in the locker.	Piden que dejemos la pulsera en la taquilla.
I need a new wristband for the locker.	Necesito una pulsera nueva para la taquilla.
the bather	el bañista
the changing room	el vestuario
barefoot	descalzo
They prohibit the bathers from entering the changing room barefoot.	Prohíben que los bañistas entren al vestuario descalzos.
The boss asks that they clean the changing room.	La jefa pide que limpien el vestuario.
the flip-flops	las chanclas
I recommend that you wear flip-flops and don't walk barefoot.	Te recomiendo que lleves chanclas y no camines descalzo.
I can't find my blue flip-flops anymore.	Ya no encuentro mis chanclas azules.
the sun lounger	la tumbona
The hotel prohibits bathers from reserving the sun lounger with a towel.	El hotel prohíbe que los bañistas reserven la tumbona con una toalla.
I usually leave my things on the sun lounger.	Suelo dejar mis cosas en la tumbona.
the float	el flotador
They don't allow the children to use the float here.	No permiten que los niños usen el flotador aquí.
We recommend that he buy a float for the girl.	Recomendamos que compre un flotador para la niña.
the diving board	el trampolín
They prohibit people from jumping from the diving board.	Prohíben que la gente salte desde el trampolín.
I recommend that you go up to the diving board slowly.	Recomiendo que subas al trampolín despacio.
My boyfriend has given me a gorgeous bracelet.	Mi novio me ha regalado una pulsera preciosa.
I'm asking you to give me back Grandma's bracelet.	Te pido que me devuelvas la pulsera de la abuela.

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