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Spanish (Spain)

### The relative pronoun *que*

When you want to give more specific information about a person or a thing, connect your ideas using the relative pronoun **que**.

Unlike English, which switches between "who", "that", and "which", Spanish simply uses **que** for both people and things.

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### Don't drop the *que*!

In English, we often drop words like "that" or "whom" (for example, "The campaign [that] they are preparing"). 

In Spanish, you can **never** omit **que**. It must always be included to connect the ideas.

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### More examples

Just remember to place **que** right after the noun you are describing to specify exactly who or what you are talking about.

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Relative clauses (que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the candidate	el candidato
the elections	las elecciones
The candidate who won the elections is a lawyer.	El candidato que ganó las elecciones es abogado.
the vote	el voto
The candidate who is nervous needs a lot of votes.	La candidata que está nerviosa necesita muchos votos.
the campaign	la campaña
The campaign they are preparing is very long.	La campaña que preparan es muy larga.
the proposal	la propuesta
the citizen	el ciudadano
Do you see the proposal the citizens are making?	¿Ves la propuesta que hacen las ciudadanas?
the debate	el debate
The debate that we watched last night was interesting.	El debate que vimos anoche fue interesante.
the leader	el líder
the speech	el discurso
The leader who wrote the speech is tired.	El líder que escribió el discurso está cansado.
The speech that the candidate received yesterday is very short.	El discurso que la candidata recibió ayer es muy corto.
to vote	votar
The citizens who vote today are angry.	Los ciudadanos que votan hoy están enfadados.
Where are the people who want to vote?	¿Dónde está la gente que quiere votar?
The proposal the boss promised is good.	La propuesta que prometió la jefa es buena.
Who has the votes that we need?	¿Quién tiene los votos que necesitamos?
Read the proposal that is on the table.	Lee la propuesta que está en la mesa.
The debate that the leader promises is dangerous.	El debate que promete el líder es peligroso.
The campaign that the candidate is preparing for the elections is very interesting.	La campaña que prepara la candidata para las elecciones es muy interesante.