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Spanish (Spain)

### Fast-paced commands: ven, ve, pon, ten

When giving quick instructions to a singular **tú** (informal "you"), some common Spanish verbs have irregular, single-syllable affirmative commands.

Here are the first four:

| Verb | Command |
|---|---|
| **venir** (to come) | **ven** |
| **ir** (to go) | **ve** |
| **poner** (to put) | **pon** |
| **tener** (to have) | **ten** |

Use **ten** with nouns like **cuidado** (care) to tell people to be careful.

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### Finishing the list: haz, sal, di, sé

There are four more irregular short commands:

| Verb | Command |
|---|---|
| **hacer** (to do / make) | **haz** |
| **salir** (to go out / leave) | **sal** |
| **decir** (to say / tell) | **di** |
| **ser** (to be) | **sé** |

When using an object pronoun (like **me**) with an affirmative command, attach it directly to the end of the verb to form a single word. For example, **di** + **me** becomes **dime** (tell me).

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### Attaching pronouns: ponlo and dímelo

You will frequently attach direct object pronouns like **lo** (it) to these short commands, creating words like **ponlo** (put it).

If you attach *two* pronouns at once, such as an indirect object (**me**) and a direct object (**lo**), add an accent mark to the command's original vowel to preserve the correct spoken stress (for example, **dímelo**).

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Irregular informal commands (haz, ve, ven...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
to load	cargar
Come here, we have a lot to load today.	Ven aquí, tenemos mucho que cargar hoy.
the warehouse	el almacén
the pallet	el palé
Go to the warehouse and look for the blue pallet.	Ve al almacén y busca el palé azul.
the label	la etiqueta
the order	el pedido
Put the label on the order.	Pon la etiqueta en el pedido.
the care	el cuidado
the load	la carga
Be careful with the load, the glass is broken.	Ten cuidado con la carga, el cristal está roto.
the material	el material
The boss needs the material. Do the work now.	El jefe necesita el material. Haz el trabajo ahora.
to unload	descargar
the truck	el camión
Come out of there and help to unload the truck.	Sal de ahí y ayuda a descargar el camión.
Tell me the truth, have you broken the pallet?	Dime la verdad, ¿has roto el palé?
Be fast, the afternoon truck is already here.	Sé rápida, el camión de la tarde ya está aquí.
The material is there. Put it in the warehouse.	El material está allí. Ponlo en el almacén.
I do not know the order number. Tell it to me!	No sé el número del pedido. ¡Dímelo!
Have the label ready for the load.	Ten la etiqueta lista para la carga.
Come fast, there is a problem with the load.	Ven rápido, hay un problema con la carga.
Go out carefully, the box is broken.	Sal con cuidado, la caja está rota.
Go and unload the boss's car.	Ve y descarga el coche de la jefa.
Put the box there and load the pallet.	Pon la caja ahí y carga el palé.