Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

Spanish (Spain)

### Things on your desk

These are the everyday objects of a Spanish classroom. Like every noun, learn each one with its article.

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **el bolígrafo** | the pen |
| **el lápiz** | the pencil |
| **la goma** | the rubber (eraser) |
| **el papel** | the paper |
| **el diccionario** | the dictionary |
| **la pizarra** | the board |

{{item:1149108}}

{{item:1149114}}

{{item:1149117}}

**El lápiz** ends in **-z**, and its plural changes the **z** to **c**: *los lápices*.

### Lessons, questions and exercises

**La lección** is the lesson you study, **la pregunta** is a question, and **el ejercicio** is an exercise you do. Note that **la pregunta** (a question) is the noun of **preguntar** (to ask).

{{item:1149124}}

{{item:1149126}}

{{item:1149141}}

### Asking for help

**Poder** + infinitive makes a polite request: *¿Puedes…?* (can you…?). With **repetir** (to repeat) it is the most useful phrase in any class.

{{item:1149129}}

**Comprender** means the same as **entender**: to understand. Both are common in Spain.

{{item:1149132}}

{{item:1149133}}

**Practicar** is a regular **-ar** verb: *practico, practicas, practica…*

{{item:1149136}}

### What does it mean?

Ask the meaning of a word with **¿Qué significa…?** — **significar** is *to mean*. Give an example with **por ejemplo**, and show how something is done with **así** (like this, like that).

{{item:1149145}}

{{item:1149149}}

{{item:1149152}}

{{item:1149153}}

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Question	Answer
the pen	el bolígrafo
I write with a black pen.	Escribo con un bolígrafo negro.
Where is my pen?	¿Dónde está mi bolígrafo?
the pencil	el lápiz
The pencil is on the table.	El lápiz está en la mesa.
The students write in pencil.	Los estudiantes escriben con lápiz.
the rubber (eraser)	la goma
Do you have a rubber?	¿Tienes una goma?
The rubber is in the handbag.	La goma está en el bolso.
the board	la pizarra
The teacher writes on the board.	El profesor escribe en la pizarra.
I can't read the board.	No puedo leer la pizarra.
the dictionary	el diccionario
I look up the word in the dictionary.	Busco la palabra en el diccionario.
My dictionary is old.	Mi diccionario es viejo.
the lesson	la lección
The lesson is very easy.	La lección es muy fácil.
Today we start the new lesson.	Hoy empezamos la lección nueva.
the question	la pregunta
I have a question.	Tengo una pregunta.
What is the question?	¿Cuál es la pregunta?
to repeat	repetir
Can you repeat the question?	¿Puedes repetir la pregunta?
The teacher wants to repeat the lesson.	El profesor quiere repetir la lección.
to understand	comprender
I don't understand the word.	No comprendo la palabra.
Do you understand the lesson?	¿Comprendes la lección?
We understand the problem.	Comprendemos el problema.
to practise	practicar
I want to practise Spanish.	Quiero practicar español.
We practise a lot in class.	Practicamos mucho en clase.
the exercise	el ejercicio
The exercise is easy.	El ejercicio es fácil.
the paper	el papel
I write the exercise on the paper.	Escribo el ejercicio en el papel.
Do you have paper?	¿Tienes papel?
I'm looking for a white sheet of paper.	Busco un papel blanco.
to mean	significar
What does the word mean?	¿Qué significa la palabra?
I don't understand what it means.	No comprendo qué significa.
for example	por ejemplo
I write with a pen or, for example, with a pencil.	Escribo con un bolígrafo o, por ejemplo, con un lápiz.
Animals, for example the dog and the cat, are good friends.	Los animales, por ejemplo el perro y el gato, son buenos amigos.
like this / like that	así
Is it like this?	¿Es así?
I write the word like this.	Escribo la palabra así.
It isn't like that.	No es así.

Contributors