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Spanish (Spain)

### Music

**La canción** is a song, **el grupo** is a band (or any group), and **el concierto** is a concert. **La radio** is feminine, like **la foto**: both are short forms of longer words.

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### Games and sport

To play a sport or a game is **jugar a** — and **a + el** contracts to **al**:

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### Going for a walk

**Andar** means *to walk*, like **caminar**. **Ir andando** means *to go on foot*. A walk for pleasure is **un paseo**.

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### Videos and stories

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **el vídeo** | the video |
| **la historia** | the story; history |
| **el juego** | the game |
| **la radio** | the radio |

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### Sport and trips

Three everyday expressions are built with **hacer** and **ir**:

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **hacer deporte** | to do sport |
| **hacer ejercicio** | to exercise, to work out |
| **ir de excursión** | to go on a trip, an outing |

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Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Question	Answer
the song	la canción
The song is very pretty.	La canción es muy bonita.
Will you sing the song with me?	¿Cantas la canción conmigo?
the group / the band	el grupo
I travel with a group of friends.	Viajo con un grupo de amigos.
the concert	el concierto
The band sings at the concert.	El grupo canta en el concierto.
We are going to a concert on Friday.	Vamos a un concierto el viernes.
The concert starts at nine.	El concierto empieza a las nueve.
the radio	la radio
I am listening to a song on the radio.	Escucho una canción en la radio.
I listen to the radio in the car.	Escucho la radio en el coche.
Will you put the radio on, please?	¿Pones la radio, por favor?
the tennis	el tenis
I play tennis on Saturdays.	Juego al tenis los sábados.
Tennis is a very nice sport.	El tenis es un deporte muy bonito.
the game	el juego
The children are playing a new game.	Los niños juegan a un juego nuevo.
The game is very easy.	El juego es muy fácil.
to walk	andar
I walk to school.	Voy andando a la escuela.
I walk a lot around the city.	Ando mucho por la ciudad.
the walk	el paseo
The walk through the park is very nice.	El paseo por el parque es muy bonito.
I like the walk along the beach.	Me gusta el paseo por la playa.
the video	el vídeo
Watch the video.	Mira el vídeo.
I am watching a video on the internet.	Veo un vídeo en internet.
the story / the history	la historia
I read a story to my son.	Leo una historia a mi hijo.
I like the history of Spain.	Me gusta la historia de España.
The story is very interesting.	La historia es muy interesante.
to do sport	hacer deporte
I do sport on Saturdays.	Hago deporte los sábados.
Do you do sport?	¿Haces deporte?
to exercise / to work out	hacer ejercicio
My father exercises at the gym.	Mi padre hace ejercicio en el gimnasio.
Exercising is good.	Hacer ejercicio es bueno.
to go on a trip / on an outing	ir de excursión
We are going on a trip to the mountains.	Vamos de excursión a la montaña.
On Sunday I am going on an outing with my friends.	El domingo voy de excursión con mis amigos.

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