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### Taking Precautions with "en caso de que"

When taking a precaution against a hypothetical situation, use the phrase **en caso de que** (in case / in the event that).

Because the situation hasn't actually happened yet, **en caso de que** is always followed by the subjunctive mood.

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Notice how the verbs after the phrase (*haya*, *ocurra*) are in the present subjunctive. The first half of the sentence uses the indicative mood to state the concrete action you are taking.

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Contingency clauses (en caso de que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the backup	la copia de seguridad
the cyberattack	el ciberataque
We have the backup in case there is a cyberattack.	Tenemos la copia de seguridad en caso de que haya un ciberataque.
to encrypt	encriptar
We encrypt the data in case a cyberattack happens.	Encriptamos los datos en caso de que ocurra un ciberataque.
the server	el servidor
the access	el acceso
The server blocks the access in case an intruder enters.	El servidor bloquea el acceso en caso de que entre un intruso.
to hack	hackear
The boss (f) disconnects the server in case they hack it.	La jefa desconecta el servidor en caso de que lo hackeen.
the firewall	el cortafuegos
malicious	malicioso
The firewall blocks the software in case it is malicious.	El cortafuegos bloquea el software en caso de que sea malicioso.
the vulnerability	la vulnerabilidad
We update the firewall in case there is a vulnerability.	Actualizamos el cortafuegos en caso de que haya una vulnerabilidad.
the hacker	el pirata informático
We repair the vulnerability in case a hacker finds it.	Reparamos la vulnerabilidad en caso de que un pirata informático la encuentre.
The engineer (m) saves the files in case the hacker deletes them.	El ingeniero guarda los archivos en caso de que el pirata informático los borre.
The IT specialist (f) deletes the malicious email in case someone tries to hack the account.	La informática borra el correo malicioso en caso de que alguien intente hackear la cuenta.
The system encrypts the password in case someone manages to enter.	El sistema encripta la contraseña en caso de que alguien consiga entrar.
The firewall is ready in case the cyberattack is serious.	El cortafuegos está listo en caso de que el ciberataque sea grave.
No one uses the computer in case there is a virus.	Nadie usa el ordenador en caso de que haya un virus.
I have a backup in case you lose access.	Tengo una copia de seguridad en caso de que pierdas el acceso.
to access	acceder
Someone has accessed my data without permission.	Alguien ha accedido a mis datos sin permiso.
I can't access my account.	No puedo acceder a mi cuenta.

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