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Spanish (Spain)

### Confirming and Reinforcing Statements

When verifying expert appraisals or discussing the authenticity of antiques, you will often need to confirm or reinforce your points. Spanish uses two handy connectors for this: **en efecto** and **de hecho**.

To confirm that a suspicion, statement, or expectation has turned out to be true, use **en efecto** (indeed / sure enough).

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On the other hand, use **de hecho** (in fact / as a matter of fact) to strengthen your previous statement by adding a supporting detail, especially one that goes a step further or provides stronger evidence.

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Notice how these connectors often follow a semicolon or a conjunction (like **y**), tying two related thoughts perfectly together.

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Confirming connectors (de hecho, en efecto)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the antique dealer	la anticuaria
to appraise	tasar
indeed	en efecto
The antique dealer appraised this necklace yesterday and, indeed, it is valuable.	La anticuaria tasó este collar ayer y, en efecto, es valioso.
authentic	auténtico
the antique dealer	el anticuario
This painting is authentic; in fact, it is the antique dealer's most famous one.	Este cuadro es auténtico; de hecho, es el más famoso del anticuario.
the authenticity	la autenticidad
The expert confirmed the authenticity of the table; indeed, it is from the last century.	El experto confirmó la autenticidad de la mesa; en efecto, es del siglo pasado.
the forgery	la falsificación
It is a very bad forgery; in fact, I have already seen it before.	Es una falsificación muy mala; de hecho, ya la he visto antes.
the collector	el coleccionista
the auction	la subasta
The collector wants to appraise this coin before the auction.	El coleccionista quiere tasar esta moneda antes de la subasta.
the collector	la coleccionista
The collector said that the vase was authentic, and in fact it is.	La coleccionista dijo que el jarrón era auténtico, y de hecho lo es.
the antique	la antigüedad
We went to the auction to buy antiques and, indeed, we bought two.	Fuimos a la subasta para comprar antigüedades y, en efecto, compramos dos.
The antique dealer discovered that the ring was a forgery.	La anticuaria descubrió que el anillo era una falsificación.
The antique dealer has not appraised the watch yet; in fact, he is very busy.	El anticuario todavía no ha tasado el reloj; de hecho, está muy ocupado.
The collector doubts the authenticity of this piece; in fact, it is the least valuable one.	La coleccionista duda de la autenticidad de esta pieza; de hecho, es la menos valiosa.
I analyzed the document and, indeed, the signature is authentic.	Analicé el documento y, en efecto, la firma es auténtica.
The collector sold his best pieces at the auction.	El coleccionista vendió sus mejores piezas en la subasta.
I love visiting this antique store.	Me encanta visitar esta tienda de antigüedades.

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