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Spanish (Spain)

Taking care of your vision is important. Let's learn the everyday vocabulary for a trip to the optician in Spain.

### The Eye Exam

To get your eyes checked, visit **el óptico** (the optician). The action of testing your vision is **graduar la vista**. Often, you will see this used reflexively, as in *graduarse la vista* (to get one's eyes tested).

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### Common Vision Problems

If you start seeing things as **borroso** (blurry), it might be time for an eye exam to check for **la miopía** (nearsightedness) or **el astigmatismo** (astigmatism).

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### Prescriptions and Diopters

Your eye test will determine your **graduación** (prescription), which is measured in **dioptrías** (diopters).

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### Frames and Lenses

Visit **la óptica** (the optician's shop) to pick out a new **montura** (frame). Without the right glasses, you might **forzar la vista** (strain your eyes). To avoid this, some people choose **progresivo** (progressive) lenses to see clearly at multiple distances.

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At the Optician

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
to test (vision)	graduar
the eyesight	la vista
Good morning, I wanted to test my vision.	Buenos días, quería graduarme la vista.
the optician	el óptico
The optician (m) is going to test my vision now.	El óptico me va a graduar la vista ahora.
blurry	borroso
the nearsightedness	la miopía
I see blurry because I have too much nearsightedness.	Veo borroso porque tengo demasiada miopía.
the astigmatism	el astigmatismo
People with astigmatism also see blurry.	La gente con astigmatismo también ve borroso.
the diopter	la dioptría
She has enough diopters to wear glasses.	Ella tiene suficientes dioptrías para llevar gafas.
the prescription	la graduación
My prescription is two diopters of astigmatism.	Mi graduación es de dos dioptrías de astigmatismo.
the frame (of glasses)	la montura
Good afternoon, I wanted to buy a new frame.	Buenas tardes, quería comprar una montura nueva.
I came for my frame with the new prescription.	Venía a por mi montura con la nueva graduación.
to strain; to force (a door, a lock)	forzar
You strain your eyes too much when you read.	Fuerzas demasiado la vista cuando lees.
progressive	progresivo
The doctor (f) says that I strain my eyes without progressive glasses.	La médica dice que fuerzo la vista sin gafas progresivas.
the optician's	la óptica
I am going to the optician's for my progressive glasses.	Voy a la óptica a por mis gafas progresivas.
We came to the optician's for my brother's contact lenses.	Veníamos a la óptica a por las lentillas de mi hermano.
I am going for my glasses to test my vision.	Voy a por mis gafas para graduarme la vista.
You don't strain your eyes too much with this new prescription.	No fuerzas demasiado la vista con esta graduación nueva.
The optician says that I have a lot of myopia.	El óptico dice que tengo mucha miopía.
The thief forced the lock.	El ladrón forzó la cerradura.
Last night they forced the door of the optician's.	Anoche forzaron la puerta de la óptica.

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