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Spanish (Spain)

### At the market

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **{{item:1252505}}** | the cherry |
| **{{item:1252509}}** | the pineapple |
| **{{item:1252513}}** | the mushroom |
| **{{item:1252517}}** | the sausage |
| **{{item:1252521}}** | the mustard |
| **{{item:1252525}}** | the vanilla |

All six are feminine, so they take *la* and *una*.

{{item:1252506}}

At a market stall, fruit and mushrooms are usually sold by weight. After a quantity, *de* usually comes before the noun, with no article: *medio kilo de cerezas*, *una lata de piña*.

{{item:1252514}}

### Flavors with de

To say what something tastes of or is made with, Spanish puts *de* and the noun after it, again with no article. English puts the flavor first.

{{item:1252526}}

{{item:1252511}}

So *un helado de vainilla* is a vanilla ice cream, and *un bocadillo de salchicha* is a sausage sandwich.

### Sausages and mushrooms

*La salchicha* is usually a fresh sausage that you cook, or a frankfurter. *El chorizo* is usually cured, red from paprika, and often eaten cold.

{{item:1252518}}

*Setas* are mushrooms in general, and especially the wild ones; the small white ones sold in trays are often called *champiñones*. Picking *setas* in autumn is a favorite outing in many parts of Spain.

{{item:1252515}}

At the market: cherries, mushrooms and sausages (la cereza, la seta, la salchicha)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the cherry	la cereza
I want half a kilo of cherries, please.	Quiero medio kilo de cerezas, por favor.
The cherries from the greengrocer's are very sweet.	Las cerezas de la frutería son muy dulces.
In June we eat a lot of cherries.	En junio comemos muchas cerezas.
the pineapple	la piña
A tin of pineapple, please.	Una lata de piña, por favor.
Do you like pineapple juice?	¿Te gusta el zumo de piña?
I buy a pineapple at the greengrocer's.	Compro una piña en la frutería.
the mushroom	la seta
Two hundred grams of mushrooms, please.	Doscientos gramos de setas, por favor.
In autumn we look for mushrooms in the forest.	En otoño buscamos setas en el bosque.
I really like rice with mushrooms.	Me gusta mucho el arroz con setas.
the sausage	la salchicha
At the butcher's they sell sausages.	En la carnicería venden salchichas.
The children eat sausages with potatoes.	Los niños comen salchichas con patatas.
I want six sausages and a kilo of meat.	Quiero seis salchichas y un kilo de carne.
the mustard	la mostaza
Do you want mustard with the sausage?	¿Quieres mostaza con la salchicha?
I don't like mustard.	No me gusta la mostaza.
A sausage sandwich with mustard, please.	Un bocadillo de salchicha con mostaza, por favor.
the vanilla	la vainilla
A vanilla ice cream, please.	Un helado de vainilla, por favor.
Do you prefer chocolate or vanilla?	¿Prefieres chocolate o vainilla?
I like vanilla biscuits.	Me gustan las galletas de vainilla.

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