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Spanish (Spain)

### Exploring the Deep Sea

Here is some essential vocabulary for deep-sea diving and marine biology:

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### Adjectives of Possibility: "-ble"

Just as in English, you can turn many Spanish verbs into adjectives that describe possibility or passivity using the suffix **-ble**. 

To form these adjectives, drop the infinitive ending of the verb. Add **-able** for verbs ending in **-ar**, and **-ible** for verbs ending in **-er** or **-ir**. 

Adjectives ending in **-ble** are gender-neutral, meaning they use the exact same form for both masculine and feminine nouns. To make them plural, simply add **-s**.

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### Measuring and Observing

You will see this pattern constantly when talking about scientific properties or specialized gear. Notice how verbs like *observar* (to observe), *medir* (to measure), *alcanzar* (to reach), and *oxidar* (to rust) transform easily into descriptive adjectives:

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Adjectives of possibility (-ble)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the diver	el buzo
The diver is going to explore the deep ocean today.	El buzo va a explorar el océano profundo hoy.
the fin	la aleta
The diver's fins are long.	Las aletas del buzo son largas.
the coral	el coral
What a beautiful coral there is here!	¡Qué coral tan bonito hay aquí!
Sometimes, the coral seems like a strange ecosystem.	A veces, el coral parece un ecosistema extraño.
to submerge	sumergir
Tomorrow we are going to submerge the camera in the sea.	Mañana vamos a sumergir la cámara en el mar.
Why doesn't the girl want to submerge the new fins?	¿Por qué la chica no quiere sumergir las aletas nuevas?
submersible	sumergible
To investigate, you need a submersible flashlight.	Para investigar, necesitas una linterna sumergible.
Besides, this camera is submersible and very useful.	Además, esta cámara es sumergible y muy útil.
adjustable	ajustable
The diver's mask is totally adjustable.	La máscara del buzo es totalmente ajustable.
What a practical design! Everything is adjustable.	¡Qué diseño tan práctico! Todo es ajustable.
reusable	reutilizable
The air bottle is made of reusable plastic.	La botella de aire es de plástico reutilizable.
Even the diver's clothes are reusable.	Incluso la ropa del buzo es reutilizable.
observable	observable
With the light, the coral is easily observable.	Con la luz, el coral es fácilmente observable.
From here, marine life is observable.	Desde aquí, la vida marina es observable.
measurable	medible
The water's temperature is always measurable.	La temperatura del agua siempre es medible.
The ocean's pollution is a measurable problem.	La contaminación del océano es un problema medible.
reachable	alcanzable
The depth of the sea is already reachable.	La profundidad del mar ya es alcanzable.
Above all, the cave is reachable if you have experience.	Sobre todo, la cueva es alcanzable si tienes experiencia.
rustproof	inoxidable
All the metal that we use is rustproof.	Todo el metal que usamos es inoxidable.
This watch is expensive because it is rustproof.	Este reloj es caro porque es inoxidable.

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