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Questions & Answers about Тебе нужна верёвка?
Why is the feminine form нужна used here instead of the default нужен?
Because the word for "need" (нужен) acts like a short adjective in Russian. It must agree in gender and number with the thing that is needed. Since верёвка (rope) is a feminine noun, we use the feminine form нужна.
Why is the pronoun тебе used instead of ты?
In Russian, you don't say "You need a rope." The literal structure is closer to "To you, a rope is necessary." The person experiencing the need is the indirect object, so they must be in the dative case. Тебе is the dative form of ты.
If "to you" is the indirect object, what is the grammatical subject of this sentence?
The subject is actually the rope (верёвка)! Because the structure is "A rope is necessary to you," верёвка is doing the action of "being necessary." That is why it stays in the nominative (dictionary) case.
Is it common to put the person (тебе) at the start of the sentence, even though it's not the grammatical subject?
Yes! In Russian, the topic of the sentence usually comes first. Since the conversation is about what "you" need, starting with the dative pronoun (тебе) is the most natural and neutral word order.