Врач спешит в больницу.

Breakdown of Врач спешит в больницу.

врач
doctor
спешить
to hurry
в
in / to (direction)
больница
hospital

Questions & Answers about Врач спешит в больницу.

Why does the word for hospital change to больницу here?
Because it is the destination of the action. When indicating movement 'to' a place, Russian uses the Accusative case. The dictionary form is больница, and feminine nouns ending in change their ending to in the Accusative case.
Why use the preposition в instead of на for the hospital?
We use в (meaning 'into' or 'to') for enclosed spaces, buildings, and most standard locations. A hospital is a physical building you go inside, so it takes в. The preposition на is mostly used for open areas, surfaces, or events.
How would I ask 'Where is the doctor hurrying?' based on this sentence?
You would ask Куда спешит врач? using the question word куда ('where to'). You must use куда instead of где ('where at') because the doctor is actively moving toward a destination, rather than just standing still somewhere.
Does спешит mean 'hurries' or 'is hurrying'?
It means both! Russian does not have a separate 'is doing' (continuous) tense like English does. Врач спешит translates to either 'The doctor hurries' or 'The doctor is hurrying' depending on what makes the most sense in English.

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