The Relative Pronoun: Который
To add descriptive detail to a noun, use a relative clause starting with который (who, which, that).
Like an adjective, который changes its ending to match the gender and number of the noun it refers to. In this lesson, the pronoun is the subject of its own clause, so it stays in the nominative case.
Relative clauses are always separated from the rest of the sentence by commas.
Masculine Nouns
For masculine nouns, use the standard masculine form который.
| Where is that inventor who wanted to build a new city? | Где тот изобретатель, который хотел строить новый город? |
| Who is that genius who invented this device? | Кто тот гений, который изобрёл этот прибор? |
Neuter Nouns
For neuter nouns like изобретение (invention), the pronoun takes the neuter ending -ое, becoming которое.
| This is the most famous invention that works without the internet. | Это самое известное изобретение, которое работает без интернета. |
| This is the best invention that helps people. | Это лучшее изобретение, которое помогает людям. |
Clauses in the Middle of a Sentence
A relative clause immediately follows the noun it describes. If it interrupts the main sentence, place a comma both before it begins and after it ends.
| The inventor who made this apparatus is very smart. | Изобретатель, который сделал этот аппарат, очень умный. |
| The tram that is going to the center now works without electricity. | Трамвай, который сейчас едет в центр, работает без электричества. |
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