Basic negation (не)

Saying "No" and "Not"

In Russian, there is a difference between saying "no" and "not". The word for "no" is нет, and the word for "not" is не.

To negate a statement, simply place не directly in front of the word you want to negate.

Is this a city? No, this is not a city.
Это город? Нет, это не город.

Negating Location

You can use не right before location words like здесь (here) and там (there) to point out where things aren't.

Is the school here? No, the school is not here.
Школа здесь? Нет, школа не здесь.
Is the child here? No, he is not here, he is there.
Ребёнок здесь? Нет, он не здесь, он там.

Correcting with "а" (but)

If you want to correct a statement by saying something is "not X, but Y," use the conjunction а (but / rather). It bridges the negated word and the correct alternative.

What is this? This is not a house, but a building.
Что это? Это не дом, а здание.
Is this a theater? No, this is not a theater, but a museum.
Это театр? Нет, это не театр, а музей.
The city is not here, but there.
Город не здесь, а там.