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### The Dental Examination

A visit to the dentist usually starts with an examination. To say "to examine," we use the verb **a examina**. When talking about your teeth, Romanian has two distinct words depending on the tooth's location: **dinte** generally refers to a front tooth, while **măsea** specifically means a back tooth or molar. 

If the dentist finds a cavity (**caria**), they will likely need an x-ray (**radiografia**) to get a better look.

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### Sensitivity and Pain

You may be visiting the dentist because your gum (**gingia**) is causing trouble. Common issues include gums that bleed (**a sângera**) or are sensitive (**sensibil**). Remember that adjectives must agree in gender with the noun they describe, so *sensibil* becomes *sensibilă* when describing the feminine noun *gingia*.

When dealing with a toothache, you will use the same grammar structure learned previously for body pain, using the verb **a durea** (to hurt) alongside an object pronoun to say "the molar hurt me."

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### Treatments: Fillings and Extractions

To treat a cavity, the dentist will usually put in a filling (**plomba**). In more severe cases, they might need to extract the tooth entirely using the verb **a extrage**. 

To keep the procedure painless, the dentist will give you anesthesia (**anestezia**)—though unfortunately, this usually requires a syringe (**seringă**).

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At the Dentist's Office

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Question	Answer
to examine	examina
the molar	măseaua
The dentist examines the molar.	Dentistul examinează măseaua.
the cavity	caria
He wants to examine the cavity.	El vrea să examineze caria.
the x-ray	radiografia
I have a cavity and I need an x-ray.	Am o carie și am nevoie de o radiografie.
to extract	extrage
The doctor does an x-ray in order to extract the tooth.	Medicul face o radiografie ca să extragă dintele.
the gum (anatomy)	gingia
sensitive	sensibil
The gum is very sensitive.	Gingia este foarte sensibilă.
to bleed	sângera
My gum bleeds often.	Gingia îmi sângerează des.
the filling	plomba
The filling fell out, and the tooth is sensitive.	Plomba a căzut, iar dintele este sensibil.
The doctor extracts the molar because of the cavity.	Doctorul extrage măseaua din cauza cariei.
The gum bleeds when the doctor extracts the molar.	Gingia sângerează când medicul extrage măseaua.
the anesthesia	anestezia
I would have wanted an anesthetic without a syringe.	Aș fi vrut o anestezie fără seringă.
The molar hurt me for two days.	Măseaua m-a durut timp de două zile.
She wants to do the anesthesia now.	Ea vrea să facă anestezia acum.
The dentist puts the filling in immediately.	Dentistul pune plomba imediat.