Sudden realization (dar por si a)

Catching Yourself in the Act

Have you ever spaced out and suddenly realized you were humming or staring at the wall? In Portuguese, we use a specific phrase to describe catching yourself in the act of doing something subconsciously.

The core structure is: dar (conjugated) + por + reflexive pronoun + a + infinitive verb.

Sometimes, he suddenly realizes he is humming a song.
Às vezes, ele dá por si a cantarolar uma canção.

Matching the Pronouns

The pronoun following por must reflect the subject of the sentence. Use mim for eu and nós for nós. For third-person subjects (including ele, ela, você, and their plurals), use the pronoun si.

Unconsciously, I suddenly realized I was yielding to the impulse.
Inconscientemente, dei por mim a ceder ao impulso.
The daydream goes unnoticed until we suddenly realize we are smiling.
O devaneio passa despercebido até darmos por nós a sorrir.

Catching Your Mind Wandering

You can also replace the pronoun with a noun to describe a specific part of you—like your mind—doing something. Remember to contract por with the noun's definite article (e.g., por + a = pela).

I suddenly realized my mind was wandering during the meeting.
Dei pela minha mente a vagar durante a reunião.

Lost in a Daydream

This is especially useful for describing when you're engrossed in an activity or acting out of habit.

The engrossed girl suddenly realized she was looking fixedly at the screen.
A rapariga absorta deu por si a olhar fixamente para o ecrã.
When my mind is wandering, I suddenly realize I am humming.
Quando a minha mente está a vagar, dou por mim a cantarolar.