Subject-verb inversion in subordinate clauses

While standard Portuguese sentences follow a Subject-Verb-Object order, you will often notice a different rhythm in relative and subordinate clauses. When talking about ancestry and tracing family trees, you will frequently hear the subject placed after the verb.

Inversion with "Onde"

When a relative clause begins with onde (where), it is very common to invert the subject and the verb. This sounds especially natural when the verb is short, like nascer (to be born) or viver (to live).

Here is where my great-grandfather was born.
Aqui é onde nasceu o meu bisavô.
The village where my maternal grandfather lived is small.
A aldeia onde viveu o meu avô materno é pequena.

Inversion with "Que"

When que (that/which) connects two parts of a sentence and acts as the object of the second part, the subject of that second part frequently follows the verb.

Before looking at an example, let's learn the word for the registry office, a vital place for genealogy research.

the registry office
a conservatória

Notice in the following sentences how the subjects (a conservatória and o meu avô materno) come directly after their verbs (entregou and investigou).

The documents that the registry office handed me are old.
Os documentos que me entregou a conservatória são antigos.
The lineage that my maternal grandfather investigated is famous.
A linhagem que investigou o meu avô materno é famosa.

Inversion in Time and Proportion Clauses

Words that introduce time or proportion—such as quando (when), sempre que (whenever), and à medida que (as)—also frequently trigger this subject-verb inversion. This happens often when introducing a new event, discovery, or arrival.

When my great-grandson was born, I read his history.
Quando nasceu o meu bisneto, li a história dele.
As genetics advances, the gene explains everything.
À medida que avança a genética, o gene explica tudo.