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Portuguese (Portugal)

Trying out a new virtual reality simulator is an experience that demands strong descriptive words.

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### Active Participle Adjectives (-nte)

In Portuguese, you can often turn a verb into an adjective that describes an active, ongoing effect or quality by using the suffix **-nte**. These are called active participle adjectives, and they often translate to English adjectives ending in "-ing" (like *thrilling*, *stimulating*, or *intriguing*).

Because these adjectives end in **-e**, they are gender-neutral. You use the exact same form whether you are describing a masculine noun like **o simulador** or a feminine noun like **a realidade**.

For example, from the verb *envolver* (to involve/surround), we get **envolvente** (immersive):

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### Expressing Extreme Sensations

When reviewing a virtual reality game, you can use these expressive adjectives to describe exactly how the experience makes you feel. From the verbs *alucinar* (to hallucinate), *empolgar* (to excite), and *estimular* (to stimulate), you get **alucinante** (mind-boggling), **empolgante** (thrilling), and **estimulante** (stimulating).

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### Unsettling and Intriguing Worlds

Sometimes, a simulation is so realistic that it tricks your brain. For those deeper, more psychological effects, verbs like *inquietar* (to disturb) and *intrigar* (to intrigue) become **inquietante** (unsettling) and **intrigante** (intriguing).

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Active participle adjectives (-nte)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
the simulator	o simulador
impressive	impressionante
This new simulator is really impressive.	Este novo simulador é realmente impressionante.
the reality	a realidade
virtual	virtual
immersive	envolvente
The virtual reality was creating an immersive world.	A realidade virtual estava a criar um mundo envolvente.
The simulator's environment is so immersive.	O ambiente do simulador é tão envolvente.
mind-boggling	alucinante
When you use the virtual reality, it will be mind-boggling.	Quando usares a realidade virtual, vai ser alucinante.
thrilling	empolgante
stimulating	estimulante
The game is not only thrilling, but also stimulating.	O jogo não é apenas empolgante, mas também estimulante.
unsettling	inquietante
Actually, confusing the game with the reality is unsettling.	Na verdade, confundir o jogo com a realidade é inquietante.
intriguing	intrigante
The story was being very intriguing and immersive.	A história estava a ser muito intrigante e envolvente.
It is impressive, it is possible to breathe under the water!	É impressionante, dá para respirar sob a água!
Do you think the simulator is more stimulating or intriguing?	Achas que o simulador é mais estimulante ou intrigante?
It is possible to fly in the simulator, which is mind-boggling and thrilling!	Dá para voar no simulador, o que é alucinante e empolgante!
We were walking under the city, and it was unsettling.	Estávamos a andar sob a cidade, e foi inquietante.