Breakdown of Czy te sektory są już otwarte?
być
to be
czy
[question particle]
już
already / anymore (with negation)
otwarty
open
sektor
sector
te
these
Questions & Answers about Czy te sektory są już otwarte?
Why do we use te instead of ci for "these" in this sentence?
The word sektory (sectors) is plural, but it doesn't refer to male people. In Polish, plural words are split into two groups: masculine personal (groups containing at least one man) and non-masculine personal (everything else, including objects, animals, and groups of only women). Because a sector is an inanimate object, we use the non-masculine personal pronoun te. The word ci is only used for masculine personal nouns.
Why does the noun sektory end in -y?
The singular form is sektor. It is a masculine inanimate noun, meaning it is grammatically masculine but not a living thing. To make regular masculine inanimate nouns plural in the Nominative case, we simply add -y to the end.
Why is the word for "open" spelled otwarte here instead of otwarty?
otwarte is an adjective describing sektory. Because sektory belongs to the non-masculine personal group in the plural, the adjective must take the matching plural ending, which is usually -e. The singular form is otwarty, but here we need the plural otwarte.
Does już mean "already" or "yet" here?
It can translate to both depending on how you word it in English! While we usually ask "Are they open yet?" in English, the Polish sentence literally asks "Are these sectors already open?". The word już works for "already" in statements and "yet" or "already" in positive questions.
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