Breakdown of Otwartość to fundament każdej trwałej relacji.
to
is (linking copula)
każdy
every, each; everyone
relacja
relationship
trwały
durable
otwartość
openness
fundament
foundation
Questions & Answers about Otwartość to fundament każdej trwałej relacji.
How could we rewrite this sentence using the verb opierać się na from this lesson?
You could say Każda trwała relacja opiera się na otwartości (Every lasting relationship is based on openness). Notice that while the noun fundament is followed by the Genitive case (każdej trwałej relacji), the verb opierać się na requires the preposition na followed by the Locative case (na otwartości).
Why does this sentence use to instead of jest?
When defining a noun with another noun, Polish commonly uses the particle to. If you used the verb jest, the second noun would have to take the Instrumental case: Otwartość jest fundamentem. Using to is a natural way to keep both nouns in the Nominative case (Otwartość to fundament).
Why is każdej trwałej relacji in the Genitive case here?
It modifies fundament to show possession or association, acting like the English word 'of'. The phrase 'foundation of every lasting relationship' translates to the Nominative fundament followed by the Genitive form of każda trwała relacja.
The word otwartość ends in -ość. Does this tell us anything useful about its grammar?
Yes, the suffix -ość is used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (here, from otwarty, meaning 'open'). Nouns ending in -ość are always feminine. This is an important pattern to remember when you need to put them into the Locative case for this lesson's verbs (polega na otwartości).
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