Summarizing your points
Use these advanced discourse markers to wrap up discussions, presentations, or reports.
Podsumowując (in summary, in conclusion) usually sits at the beginning of your concluding thought, followed by a comma.
| In conclusion, astronomy is a very interesting science. | Podsumowując, astronomia to bardzo ciekawa nauka. |
| In summary, this new galaxy is still unexplored. | Podsumowując, ta nowa galaktyka jest wciąż niezbadana. |
Taking things into account
Use biorąc pod uwagę (taking into account, considering) to draw a conclusion based on a specific factor. The noun phrase immediately following it must be in the accusative case.
| Taking gravity into account, the rover works well. | Biorąc pod uwagę grawitację, łazik działa dobrze. |
| Taking our solar system into account, we observed other galaxies. | Biorąc pod uwagę nasz układ słoneczny, obserwowaliśmy inne galaktyki. |
The final outcome
Use the adverb ostatecznie (ultimately, eventually, in the end) to express a final result or consequence.
| Ultimately, the comet changed its orbit. | Ostatecznie kometa zmieniła swoją orbitę. |
| Ultimately, our rover entered a new orbit. | Ostatecznie nasz łazik wszedł na nową orbitę. |
It is also useful for asking about someone's final stance:
| Do you ultimately think, sir, that a comet is an important topic in astronomy? | Czy ostatecznie pan sądzi, że kometa to ważny temat w astronomii? |
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