Exceptions to the Rule: "z wyjątkiem"
To express an exception, use the compound preposition z wyjątkiem (except for). It requires the Genitive case.
| We will eat everything except for the meat. | Zjemy wszystko z wyjątkiem mięsa. |
| He eats every meat except for pork. | On je każde mięso z wyjątkiem wieprzowiny. |
Allergies and Swapping Ingredients
When mentioning allergies or substituting items, use na followed by the Accusative case:
- uczulony na – allergic to
- zamienić [coś] na [coś] – to swap [something] for [something] (both objects take the Accusative)
| Some people are allergic to shrimp. | Niektórzy ludzie są uczuleni na krewetki. |
| Can you swap the potatoes for fries? | Czy może pan zamienić ziemniaki na frytki? |
Adjectives in the Genitive
Any adjective following z wyjątkiem or bez (without) must also take the Genitive case:
- Feminine adjectives take the -ej ending (e.g., surowa becomes surowej).
- Masculine and neuter adjectives take the -ego ending (e.g., czosnkowy becomes czosnkowego).
If the noun is omitted because it is understood from context, the standalone adjective still takes the Genitive case.
| We like all side dishes except for raw carrots. | Lubimy wszystkie dodatki z wyjątkiem surowej marchewki. |
| We will take all sauces except for the garlic one. | Weźmiemy wszystkie sosy z wyjątkiem czosnkowego. |
| Can we order the fries without the garlic sauce? | Czy możemy zamówić frytki bez sosu czosnkowego? |
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