The -ja and -ia Nouns
Feminines in -ja and -ia form their Genitive (and Dative/Locative) in -i or -ii:
| Nominative | Genitive | rule |
|---|---|---|
| nadzieja | nadziei | -ja after a vowel → -i |
| aleja | alei | same |
| Anglia | Anglii | foreign -ia → -ii |
| historia | historii | same |
| There is no hope left. | Nie ma już nadziei. |
Mysz: a Feminine Without -a
Mysz ends in a consonant but is feminine, like noc and twarz from lesson 300: Genitive myszy, plural myszy.
| I am afraid of mice. | Boję się myszy. |
Krew: the Stem Shrinks
Krew loses its -e- everywhere outside the Nominative: Genitive krwi, Instrumental krwią — the same fleeting-e you know from styczeń → stycznia, on a feminine noun.
| There was blood on the floor. | Na podłodze była krew. |
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