Adjective agreement
In Polish, adjectives match the gender of the noun they describe. The basic endings are:
- Masculine: -y
- Feminine: -a
- Neuter: -e
Notice how the adjective ending adapts to the noun while the core of the word stays the same.
| This is a new phone. | To jest nowy telefon. |
| This new newspaper is very interesting. | Ta nowa gazeta jest bardzo ciekawa. |
| Is this a new window? | Czy to jest nowe okno? |
Men are masculine
Remember that mężczyzna (man) is a masculine noun despite ending in -a. Adjectives describing it take the masculine ending.
| This young man is reading. | Ten młody mężczyzna czyta. |
Adjectives ending in -i
Some masculine adjectives end in -i instead of -y (such as drogi — expensive, and tani — cheap).
For these words, the feminine ending is -a or -ia (droga, tania), and the neuter ending is -ie (drogie, tanie).
| This expensive car is very big. | Ten drogi samochód jest bardzo duży. |
| Where is this expensive chair? | Gdzie jest to drogie krzesło? |
| This book is very cheap and interesting. | Ta książka jest bardzo tania i ciekawa. |
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