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여러분 안녕하세요. Hello everyone.


어디에서 왔어요? - Where are you coming from?

 We are going to talk about our 국적 (kug-jeog) nationality.
 Let's start by learning at some country names.
 There is a whole group of them ending in -guk. Let's pick out those first:
한국 - Han-guk - Korea
중국 - Chung-guk - China
미국 - Mi-guk - America	
태국 - Tae-guk - Thailand
영국 - Yeong-guk - England
There are many names that sound similar to the English name for the country:
러시아 - Reo-shi-a - Russia
이탈리아 - Ital-li-ya - Italy
몽골 - Mongol - Mongolia
폴란드 - Polandeu - Poland
헝가리 - Hongari - Hungary
스페인 - Seu-pe-in - Spain
포르투갈 - Po-reu-tu-gal - Portugal
이집트 - I-jip-teu - Egypt
터키 - Teoki - Türkiye
노르웨이 - No-reu-we-i - Norway
스웨덴 - Seu-we-den - Sweden
덴마크 - Den-ma-keu - Denmark
우크라이나 - U-keu-ra-i-na - Ukraine
스위스 - Seu-wi-seu - Switzerland
루마니아 - Rumania - Rumania
이란 - Iran - Iran
이라크 - Irakeu - Irak
이스라엘 - I-seu-ra-el - Israel
캐나다 - Kae-na-da - Canada
Some might need a little more imagination:

레바논 - Re-ba-non - Lebanon
그리스 Keu-ri-seu - Greece
프랑스 - Peurang-seu - France (There is no 'f' in the Korean Alphabet)
핀란드 - Pin-land-eu - Finland
네덜란드 - Ne-deol-lan-deu The Netherlands
베트남 - Pe-teu-nam - Vietnam
시리아 - Shi-ri-a - Syria
브라질- Peu-ra-jil - Brazil
뉴질랜드 - nyu -jil-laen-deu - New Zealand
 And some are just weirdos...
남아프리카 - Nam-a-peu-ri-ka - South Africa (nam = south)
독일 - Togil - Germany
호주- Hoju - Australia
일본- Ilbon - Japan 
 I hope, I haven't left out your country. There was no intention. But I could continue writing this list forever and it would be very tiring for all of us. I will not even take all of the above mentionned countries into the exercises... however feel free to complain and we gladly rectify this list.
Now I have some good news for you. You have seen the worst:D All what comes now is very regular and easy.
 Take any of these country names and add -eo / -어 to it and you'll get the language. Except for America, Canada, New Zealand, Southafrica, Brazil, Switzerland, Austria... well you might guess why. Oh and of course Israel (They speak Hebrew -히브리어) and all the Arabic countries speak of course Arabic (아랍어)
 
 
 But you have lots of regulars, too. 
- 프랑스어 (peuranseu-eo) - French
- 이탈리아어 ( i-ta-li-a-eo) - Italian
- 스페인어 (seu-pe-in-eo) - Spanish
- 영어 (Yeong-eo) - English - Careful ! Not: Yeongugeo
 - 러시아어 ( reo-shi-a-eo) - Russian
 - 터키어 (teoki-eo) - Turkish
- 중국어 (chunggug-eo) - Chinese
- 일본어 (ilbon-eo) - Japanese ...


to speak is 말하다 (mar-hada) which conjugates to 말해요 (mar-hae-yo) = I speak / you speak / we speak / they speak... The language you speak will be the object of the verb, so you need to add -reul/-를
영어를 말해요 = yeongeo-reul mar-haeyo. I speak English.
 Now let's learn one more thing and I promise, that this one is really regular for all of the countries:
 Add 사람 (sa-ram = person) after the country name and you get the person coming from that country.
일본 사람 (ilbon saram) = a Japanese
호주 사람 (hoju saram) an Australian
루마니아 사람 (rumani-a saram) a Rumanian...
 Now we can say things like:
 저는 미국 사람이에요. 영어를 말해요. (Jeoneun Miguk saram-i-e-yo. Yeongeo-reul mar-haeyo.) I am American. I speak English. 
 I shouldn't have given you that line. That's where language learning stops. So please promise me to never say that sentence :D
독일 사람은 독일어를 말해요. (Togil saram-eun Togil-eo-reul marhae-yo: Germans speak German.
 이 사람 태국에서 왔어요 하지만 영어를 조금 해요. I saram-eun Taegug-e-seo wasseoyo hajiman yeongeoreul jogeum haeyo. This person is from Thailand, but he speaks a little English.
 Btw. You might have noticed, that I used only -hada and not marhada when I added jogeum to the sentence.
나라 ( nara) = country/ land
어느 ( oneu) which
어느 나라 ( oneu nara) which country
어느 나라 사람이에요? ( oneu nara saram-i-e-yo ?) Which country are you from? (lit. Which country person are you?)
충국 사람이에요? (Chungguk saram-i-e-yo?) Are you from China? 
 Ok let's call it a day.
여러분 어느 나라 사람이에요? ( yeoreobun oneu nara saram-i-e-yo ?) Which countries are you all from?

Countries, Nationalities...

verb

adjective

determiner

noun

pronoun

adverb

particle

interjection

number

reading exercise

phrase

sentence

conjunction

Reading 1: ㄴ, ㅏ, ㅣ, ㅂ

Reading 2: ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅐ, ㅁ, ㅓ, ㅔ

Reading 3: ㅗ, ㅜ

Reading 4: ㄱ, ㅑ, ㅕ, ㅒ, ㅖ, ㅛ, ㅠ, conjugating verbs and using the particle 에

Question	Answer
Korea	한국hanguk
China	중국jungguk
America	미국miguk
Thailand	태국taeguk
England	영국yeongguk
America	미국 영국 중국 태국 한국 miguk yeongguk jungguk taeguk hanguk
China	중국 태국 한국 미국 영국 jungguk taeguk hanguk miguk yeongguk
Nationality	국적gukjeok
Russia	러시아reosia
Spain	스페인seupein
Germany	독일dogil
Japan	일본ilbon
Australia	호주hoju
Türkiye	터키 독일 베트남 핀란드 teoki dogil beteunam pinrandeu
France	프랑스peurangseu
person	사람saram
Frenchman	프랑스 사람peurangseu saram
Englishman	영국 사람yeongguk saram
an American	미국 사람miguk saram
a Chinese	중국 사람jungguk saram
I am a Turk.	터키 사람이에요.teoki saramieyo. You might say: 저는 터키 사람이에요. But normally the person is detected from the context. So 'Jeo-neun' would only be needed if several persons are contrasted: He is Japanese, she is British and I am a Turk. He said that he is a Turk, but that is wrong, I am a Turk. etc.
Are you from Thailand?	태국 사람이에요?taeguk saramieyo?
who	누구nugu
Who is Australian?	누구 호주 사람이에요?nugu hoju saramieyo?
country	나라nara
France is a country.	프랑스는 나라예요peurangseuneun narayeyo
Italy is a country too.	이탈리아도 나라예요.italliado narayeyo.
Where is Russia?	러시아는 어디에 있어요?reosianeun eodie isseoyo?
which	어느eoneu
Which country	어느 나라eoneu nara
Which country is Egypt?	어느 나라 이집트예요?eoneu nara ijipteuyeyo?
Arabic	아랍어arabeo
Egyptians speak Arabic.	이집트 사람은 아랍어 말해요.ijipteu sarameun arabeo malhaeyo.

Korean 15 - Countries, Nationalities...

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