A fourth way to say if is using the conditional particle 〜ば. This is a general way of saying if, which can be used in many situations.
To use 〜ば after a verb, change the ending u-sound into an e-sound and then add 〜ば.
| If I have time, I’ll watch a movie. | 時間 が あれば、 映画 を 見ます。jikan ga areba, eiga o mimasu. |
| If you study, you will become skillful. | 勉強すれば、 上手 に なります。benkyousureba, jouzu ni narimasu. |
| If you go to bed earlier, you'll feel better. | もっと 早く 寝れば、 元気 に なる よ。motto hayaku nereba, genki ni naru yo. |
| If you take this medicine, you’ll get better. | この 薬 を 飲めば、 よく なります よ。kono kusuri o nomeba, yoku narimasu yo. |
For negative verbs, change the ない ending to なければ.
| If it doesn't rain, I'll go for a walk. | 雨 が 降らなければ、 散歩 に 行きます。ame ga furanakereba, sanpo ni ikimasu. |
| If you don't call, no one will probably come. | 電話 を かけなければ、 誰 も 来ない でしょう。denwa o kakenakereba, dare mo konai deshou. |
| If she isn't here, I'll be alone. | 彼女 が いなければ、 私 は 一人 です。kanojo ga inakereba, watashi wa hitori desu. |
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