が as an object marker

One of the new words you will learn in this lesson is 要いる, which means to have; to need; to want.

Note how the particle が is used to mark what would be the object in English. This is like saying a spoon, a fork and a knife are needed.

The same pattern applies to the verbs can see and can hear. What would be the direct objects in English, are marked by the particle が in Japanese.

Rain is visible; / (I) can see rain.
雨あめ が 見みえる。ame ga mieru.
A typhoon is audible; / (I) can hear a typhoon.
台たい風ふう が 聞きこえる。taifuu ga kikoeru.

Just like 見みえる and 聞きこえる, the verb 分わかる is used with the が particle. Note that these words share the fact that the actual subject (the seer, the hearer, the understander), is passive, unlike in verbs such as 見みる and 聞きこえる, where the subject is active.

Do you understand Chinese?
中ちゅう国ごく語ご が わかる か。chuugokugo ga wakaru ka.
Literally: is Chinese understood?

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