Showing Results with "Quindi"
When an action causes a logical outcome—like in a science experiment—you can connect the two events using a conjunction of result. The most common word for "so" or "therefore" is quindi.
| We do not understand the experiment, therefore we repeat everything. | Noi non capiamo l'esperimento, quindi ripetiamo tutto. |
| We heat the water, so we see a fast reaction. | Noi scaldiamo l'acqua, quindi vediamo una reazione veloce. |
"Perciò" (For this reason)
Another very common conjunction of result is perciò. It is a combination of per (for) and ciò (this/that), so it translates directly to "for this reason" or "therefore". It is used exactly like quindi.
| The substance is cold, therefore we heat it slowly. | La sostanza è fredda, perciò la scaldiamo lentamente. |
| The reaction creates a gas, therefore we open the window. | La reazione crea un gas, perciò apriamo la finestra. |
"Dunque" (Thus / Therefore)
Finally, you can use dunque to mean "therefore" or "thus". While it can sometimes be used as a conversational filler word (like saying "well..." at the start of a sentence), in logical statements it functions just like the other result conjunctions.
| The temperature increases, therefore the liquid becomes a gas. | La temperatura aumenta, dunque il liquido diventa un gas. |
| They control the temperature carefully, therefore the experiment works. | Loro controllano la temperatura attentamente, dunque l'esperimento funziona. |
Stating Your Outcomes
Quindi, perciò, and dunque are largely interchangeable. You will hear all three used to state the outcome of an action, whether you are testing a hypothesis or observing a chemical reaction.
| The hypothesis is ready, therefore we must measure the temperature. | L'ipotesi è pronta, quindi dobbiamo misurare la temperatura. |
| The steam is hot, thus we measure the temperature. | Il vapore è caldo, dunque misuriamo la temperatura. |
