Relative pronouns of location (dove)

When you want to describe a place by talking about what happens there, Italian uses the word dove (where). While you may already know dove as a question word, it also acts as a relative pronoun to connect two clauses based on a physical location.

Before linking sentences, here is a useful verb for talking about time spent in a location:

to spend (time)
trascorrere

When using dove to connect clauses, place it immediately after the noun it refers to, such as a village or a hill.

Do you know the village where we spent the summer?
Conosci il borgo dove abbiamo trascorso l'estate?
The hill where we walked yesterday is unforgettable.
La collina dove abbiamo camminato ieri è indimenticabile.

Describing memorable spots

You can use dove to link all kinds of locations, from broad valleys to specific hidden spots, without needing any extra prepositions.

The valley where we went on holiday is an unforgettable place.
La valle dove siamo andati in vacanza è un posto indimenticabile.
On the shore there is the hiding place where the children used to play.
Sulla riva c'è il nascondiglio dove i bambini giocavano.

"Dove" vs "in cui"

For physical locations, dove is the most natural choice in everyday Italian. However, you will also encounter the phrase in cui (in which).

The city in which we used to live has many ancient ruins.
La città in cui vivevamo ha molte rovine antiche.

When talking about a physical space, in cui and dove are completely interchangeable, though in cui sounds slightly more formal.

The bar where the men spend the evening is noisy.
Il bar dove gli uomini passano la sera è rumoroso.

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