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### Polite requests with *potresti*

When you want to ask for a favor or request an item politely, use the present conditional form of the helper verb *potere* (can / to be able to).

For the "you" form, this is **potresti** (could you). Because it is a helper verb, it is followed directly by the infinitive form of the main action you are requesting.

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### Connecting ideas with *che*

To link two related ideas or describe a specific object, use the relative pronoun **che** (that, which, or who).

In Italian, *che* is incredibly versatile and never changes its form. Whether the noun it refers to is masculine, feminine, singular, or plural, you will always use *che*. It can act as the subject of the phrase that follows, or as the direct object.

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### Asking for specific materials

Now we can combine these two concepts to politely ask for specific tools and materials during a creative project. Notice how *che* smoothly links the item you are requesting with the description of exactly which one you need.

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Relative pronouns (che)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (il, la, l')

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
the fabric	la stoffa
to sew	cucire
Could you give me the fabric that you are sewing?	Mi potresti dare la stoffa che stai cucendo?
the thread	il filo
the cotton	il cotone
Could you buy the cotton thread that is in the shop?	Potresti comprare il filo di cotone che è nel negozio?
the wool	la lana
the paintbrush	il pennello
Could you bring me the wool that is near the paintbrush?	Mi potresti portare la lana che è vicino al pennello?
the glue	la colla
the cardboard	il cartone
The glue that you are using is stronger than the cardboard.	La colla che stai usando è più forte del cartone.
the clay (f)	l'argilla
the pearl	la perla
Could you show me the clay that you got for the pearls?	Mi potresti mostrare l'argilla che hai preso per le perle?
The dress that I am sewing with the cotton is very elegant.	Il vestito che sto cucendo con il cotone è molto elegante.
I need the paintbrush that you put in the box with the glue.	Ho bisogno del pennello che hai messo nella scatola con la colla.
The red thread for the fabric is beautiful; could you give it to me?	Il filo rosso per la stoffa è bello; me lo potresti dare?
The cardboard that is behind the table is heavier than the clay.	Il cartone che è dietro al tavolo è più pesante dell'argilla.
The pearls that you are using with the wool are very strange.	Le perle che stai usando con la lana sono molto strane.
Could you sew the shirt that I have washed?	Potresti cucire la camicia che ho lavato?

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