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### Wholesale and Discounts

To talk about buying "wholesale" or "in bulk," use the phrase **all'ingrosso**.

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When dealing with a wholesaler (**il grossista**), you can negotiate for a discount (**uno sconto**).

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### Expressing Rates: "By the..."

To express rates like "per meter" or "by the kilo," Italian uses the preposition **a**.

For standard units of measurement, **a** combines with the definite article (e.g., *a* + *il* = **al**).

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### Rates by Packaging Type

While standard units take the definite article, specific packaging formats often do not. When pricing by a bolt of cloth (**la pezza**) or a roll (**il rotolo**), the simple preposition **a** is used without the article.

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### Dimensions and Materials

When purchasing materials like lining (**la fodera**) or lace (**il pizzo**), you will discuss dimensions such as width (**la larghezza**) and length (**la lunghezza**).

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For pre-cut items, the rule of combining **a** with the definite article returns to express rates "per piece" (*al pezzo*).

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Rates and distribution (a)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
wholesale	l'ingrosso
We buy silk wholesale, therefore the price is better.	Compriamo la seta all'ingrosso, quindi il prezzo è migliore.
per (rate, e.g. per meter)	a
The wholesale market sells the fabric by the meter.	Il mercato all'ingrosso vende la stoffa al metro.
wholesaler	il grossista
Both wholesalers offer an excellent service.	Entrambi i grossisti offrono un ottimo servizio.
discount	lo sconto
Could you ask the wholesaler for a discount?	Potresti chiedere uno sconto al grossista?
bolt of cloth	la pezza
They gave a discount on this bolt of wool.	Hanno fatto uno sconto su questa pezza di lana.
The discount is valid only if you buy wholesale.	Lo sconto è valido solo se comprate all'ingrosso.
This wool costs ninety euros per bolt.	Questa lana costa novanta euro a pezza.
Could you check if the bolt of cloth is defective?	Potresti controllare se la pezza di stoffa è difettosa?
roll	il rotolo
We sell velvet at thirty euros per roll.	Vendiamo il velluto a trenta euro a rotolo.
How much fabric is there in a roll?	Quanta stoffa c'è in un rotolo?
rate (fee, fare)	la tariffa
The shipping rate per kilo has changed.	La tariffa di spedizione al chilo è cambiata.
What is the rate to deliver the goods?	Qual è la tariffa per consegnare la merce?
width	la larghezza
lining	la fodera
The width of the lining is one meter.	La larghezza della fodera è di un metro.
I check the width of the ribbon, therefore we cannot make a mistake.	Controllo la larghezza del nastro, perciò non possiamo sbagliare.
length	la lunghezza
lace	il pizzo
You can choose the length of the lace.	Puoi scegliere la lunghezza del pizzo.
The length of this fabric is exactly one hundred meters.	La lunghezza di questa stoffa è esattamente cento metri.
The French lace costs fifty euros per meter.	Il pizzo francese costa cinquanta euro al metro.
Lace is something wonderful to look at.	Il pizzo è qualcosa di meraviglioso da guardare.
We sell the lining at five euros per piece.	Vendiamo la fodera a cinque euro al pezzo.
This jacket has a lining of pure silk.	Questa giacca ha una fodera di seta pura.