Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

In Italian, adjectives change their endings to match the gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) of the nouns they describe.

Adjectives ending in -o

The most common adjectives end in -o in the masculine singular. They have four different forms:

SingularPlural
Masculine-o-i
Feminine-a-e
The train is slow.
Il treno è lento.
The night is not hot, it is cold.
La notte non è calda, è fredda.
The children are very quiet today.
I bambini sono molto tranquilli oggi.
The islands are beautiful and quiet.
Le isole sono belle e tranquille.

Adjectives ending in -e

Some adjectives, like veloce (fast) or divertente (fun), end in -e in the singular. They use the same form for both masculine and feminine nouns.

To make them plural, change the -e to an -i.

SingularPlural
Masc. & Fem.-e-i
The newspaper is boring, but the book is fun.
Il giornale è noioso, ma il libro è divertente.
Are the Italian trains fast or slow?
I treni italiani sono veloci o lenti?

When describing a feminine plural noun, pay close attention. Standard adjectives end in -e, while adjectives from this second group end in -i:

The girls are tall and intelligent.
Le ragazze sono alte e intelligenti.