Ditransitive verbs (Accusative + Genitive)

Ditransitive Verbs: Accusative + Genitive

In Icelandic, some verbs take two objects: a person and a thing. While many verbs use a dative and an accusative, a specific group of verbs governs an accusative person (the one being asked or demanded) and a genitive thing (the thing being asked for).

Two very common verbs that use this pattern are biðja (to ask) and krefja (to demand).

to demand (of someone)
krefja

Let's look at how to use this structure to write a rather demanding wish list to Santa Claus. The person we are addressing, jólasveinninn (Santa Claus), goes into the accusative case (jólasveininn). The abstract concepts we are asking for—such as frægð (fame), náð (mercy), or vernd (protection)—go into the genitive case (frægðar, náðar, verndar).

My wish list is strange because I ask Santa Claus for fame.
Óskalistinn minn er skrýtinn af því að ég bið jólasveininn frægðar.
We ask Santa Claus for both mercy and protection.
Við biðjum jólasveininn bæði náðar og verndar.

When you want to be a bit more forceful, you can use krefja (to demand). Notice how the things being demanded, like answers (svör) and justice (réttlæti), also take the genitive case (svara, réttlætis).

The brat demands answers and justice from Santa Claus.
Frekjan krefur jólasveininn svara og réttlætis.

Another common phrase that uses this accusative + genitive structure is að spyrja einhvern ráða (to ask someone for advice). The verb spyrja takes the accusative person, and the noun ráð (advice) is in the genitive plural (ráða).

The children ask Santa Claus for advice about the wish list.
Börnin spyrja jólasveininn ráða um óskalistann.

Using Pronouns

You can easily swap out the person for an accusative pronoun, such as mig (me), þig (you), or hann (him). The thing you are asking for or demanding remains in the genitive case.

I only ask you for prosperity and justice.
Ég bið þig bara velmegunar og réttlætis.
I demand answers from him and ask him for advice.
Ég kref hann svara og spyr hann ráða.