Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm; chồi đang phát triển.

Trồng can cover both ideas, depending on context.

In this sentence, Tôi trồng... rau thơm most naturally means I grow herbs.
But trồng can also be used when talking about the act of putting something in the ground, so it can sometimes feel like to plant.

Examples:

• trồng cây = plant/grow trees
• trồng rau = grow vegetables
• trồng hoa = grow flowers

So here, trồng is best understood as grow.

Because the speaker is describing two actions:

• trồng = grow
• thu hoạch = harvest

So Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm means I grow and harvest herbs.

This is very normal in Vietnamese. One subject, tôi, can be followed by multiple verbs joined by và.

Structure:

• Tôi = I
• trồng và thu hoạch = grow and harvest
• rau thơm = herbs

Thu hoạch means to harvest.

It is often used for:

• crops
• fruit
• vegetables
• agricultural produce in general

Examples:

• thu hoạch lúa = harvest rice
• thu hoạch rau = harvest vegetables
• mùa thu hoạch = harvest season

In everyday speech, it can also be used a bit more broadly for collecting the results of work, but in this sentence it is the literal agricultural meaning.

Yes, rau thơm is commonly translated as herbs, especially in food-related contexts.

Literally:

• rau = vegetables/greens
• thơm = fragrant/aromatic

So rau thơm means aromatic greens/herbs.

Depending on context, it can refer to things like:

• mint
• basil
• coriander/cilantro
• Vietnamese herbs used for eating fresh

So herbs is the best natural English translation here.

Because Vietnamese nouns usually do not have to mark singular or plural the way English nouns do.

Rau thơm can mean:

• herb
• herbs
• some herbs
• herbal greens

The exact number is understood from context.

If you want to make plurality more explicit, Vietnamese can add words like:

• những
• các

For example:

• Tôi trồng những loại rau thơm này = I grow these herbs

But in many ordinary sentences, no plural marker is needed.

Chồi means shoot, sprout, or sometimes bud, depending on context.

For plants, it refers to a new growth coming out from the plant.

So:

• chồi đang phát triển = the shoots are developing / the sprouts are growing

If you are thinking about gardening, shoots or sprouts is usually the most helpful meaning here.

Đang marks an action or process that is currently in progress.

So:

• phát triển = develop / grow
• đang phát triển = are developing / are growing

It works a lot like English be + -ing, although it is not used in exactly the same way in every situation.

Examples:

• Tôi đang ăn = I am eating
• Cây đang lớn = The plant is growing
• Chồi đang phát triển = The shoots are developing

Without đang, chồi phát triển would sound more general or less focused on the ongoing process.

Phát triển is understandable and correct, but it is slightly broader and more formal than some other plant-related verbs.

For plants, Vietnamese also often uses:

• mọc = grow, sprout
• lớn = grow bigger
• đâm chồi = put out shoots
• nảy mầm = germinate

So these are all possible depending on the exact meaning:

• Chồi đang phát triển = The shoots are developing
• Chồi đang mọc = The shoots are sprouting/growing
• Cây đang đâm chồi = The plant is putting out shoots

Your original sentence is fine, but if you want a more specifically plant-like phrasing, mọc or đâm chồi may sound more vivid.

It should not repeat tôi, because chồi is the subject of the second clause.

The sentence has two clauses:

1. Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm
2. chồi đang phát triển

In the second clause:

• chồi = subject
• đang phát triển = predicate

So the meaning is not I am developing. It is the shoots are developing.

Vietnamese does not need to restate tôi because the second clause has its own subject.

The semicolon links two closely related clauses:

• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm
• chồi đang phát triển

It suggests that the two ideas are connected.

In Vietnamese writing, a semicolon is possible, but in everyday writing people might also use:

• a comma
• a period
• a linking word

For example:

• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm. Chồi đang phát triển.
• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm, chồi đang phát triển.

The semicolon gives the sentence a slightly more formal written feel.

No, not in this sentence.

Vietnamese classifiers are often used with numbers, demonstratives, or when identifying a specific countable item. But they are not required in every sentence.

Examples where classifiers might appear:

• một chồi non = one young shoot
• những chồi non = young shoots
• một loại rau thơm = one kind of herb

In your sentence, the nouns are being used generally, so no classifier is necessary:

• rau thơm
• chồi

That is perfectly normal.

Sometimes, yes.

Chồi non means young shoots or tender shoots, and it can sound a bit more natural if you want to emphasize new plant growth.

Compare:

• chồi = shoots/buds
• chồi non = young shoots

So:

• Chồi đang phát triển = The shoots are developing
• Chồi non đang phát triển = The young shoots are developing

Both are correct, but chồi non can sound slightly more specific and vivid.

Yes, if the context already makes the subject clear.

Vietnamese often drops pronouns when they are understood from context.

So instead of:

• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm

you might hear:

• Trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm

But if the sentence appears by itself, keeping tôi is helpful and natural, especially for learners.

Mostly yes.

The basic order is:

• Tôi = I
• trồng và thu hoạch = grow and harvest
• rau thơm = herbs

Then:

• chồi = shoots
• đang phát triển = are developing

So the structure is fairly close to English:

• I grow and harvest herbs; shoots are developing.

One important difference is that Vietnamese does not use a verb to be before đang phát triển.
It does not say the equivalent of shoots are being developing or shoots are plus adjective in the same way English does. The Vietnamese clause works directly with the subject plus verb phrase:

• chồi đang phát triển

Yes. Your sentence is understandable, but depending on what you want to emphasize, a native speaker might say it differently.

Possible alternatives:

• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm; chồi non đang phát triển.
• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm, cây đang đâm chồi.
• Tôi trồng và thu hoạch rau thơm; chúng đang phát triển tốt.

These alternatives shift the focus slightly:

• chồi non đang phát triển = the young shoots are developing
• cây đang đâm chồi = the plants are putting out shoots
• chúng đang phát triển tốt = they are growing well

So the original is correct, but Vietnamese offers several natural ways to express the same general idea.