Sàn nhà còn bẩn.

• sàn nhà = floor / house floor
• còn = still
• bẩn = dirty

So the structure is basically:

subject + still + adjective

In natural English, this is The floor is still dirty.

Vietnamese often does not use a verb like to be when linking a noun to an adjective.

So instead of saying something literally like floor is dirty, Vietnamese simply says:

• Sàn nhà bẩn = The floor is dirty
• Sàn nhà còn bẩn = The floor is still dirty

This is very common with adjectives in Vietnamese.

Here, còn means still. It shows that the situation continues and has not changed yet.

So Sàn nhà còn bẩn suggests something like:

• the floor was dirty before,
• and it is dirty now as well.

Very often, còn carries a sense of it hasn’t been cleaned yet or the expected change has not happened.

In this sentence, bẩn is an adjective meaning dirty.

Vietnamese adjectives can function directly as the predicate, so you do not need a separate to be verb.

Examples:

• Áo bẩn. = The shirt is dirty.
• Tay bẩn. = The hands are dirty.
• Sàn nhà còn bẩn. = The floor is still dirty.

A very common Vietnamese pattern is:

noun phrase + time/aspect word + adjective

So here:

• Sàn nhà = the thing being talked about
• còn = still
• bẩn = dirty

That gives:

Sàn nhà còn bẩn.

This is a normal and natural order in Vietnamese.

Sàn means floor surface or flooring, and nhà means house/home. Together, sàn nhà means the floor of the house/room, usually just the floor in context.

Vietnamese often combines nouns this way to make the meaning more specific.

So:

• sàn = floor surface
• nhà = house
• sàn nhà = house floor / floor

In everyday speech, this is a normal way to refer to the floor inside a home or building.

Yes, sometimes you can, if the context is clear.

• Sàn nhà còn bẩn sounds more complete and explicit.
• Sàn còn bẩn can sound natural when everyone already knows you are talking about the floor.

However, sàn nhà is often safer for learners because it is clearer and more commonly taught.

Both can often be translated as still, but they are not always identical.

• còn often emphasizes that a state continues and may imply it has not changed yet
• vẫn often emphasizes that something remains the same

So:

• Sàn nhà còn bẩn = The floor is still dirty.
  This can suggest: It hasn’t been cleaned yet.
• Sàn nhà vẫn bẩn = The floor is still dirty.
  This can sound a bit more like: Despite something, it remains dirty.

In many everyday situations, both are possible, but còn bẩn is very natural when talking about a state that should probably have changed.

Often, yes. While the sentence literally just describes the floor’s condition, còn can imply that the dirty state is continuing unexpectedly or undesirably.

So depending on context, it may suggest:

• the floor has not been cleaned yet,
• cleaning is needed,
• someone expected it to be clean by now.

But this is an implication from context, not a strict grammatical requirement.

A rough English-friendly guide:

• Sàn ≈ sahn with a falling tone
• nhà ≈ a bit like nyaa with a falling tone
• còn ≈ cawn with a falling tone
• bẩn ≈ roughly buhn with the hỏi tone in Northern Vietnamese

A few pronunciation notes:

• nh sounds like the ny in canyon
• ă in bẩn is short
• ẩn may be difficult for English speakers because of the vowel and tone combination

If you are learning tones, note that:

• sàn = huyền tone
• nhà = huyền tone
• còn = huyền tone
• bẩn = hỏi tone

Usually it refers to an indoor floor, especially in a house, room, or building.

If you want to be more specific, Vietnamese can use other nouns too, depending on context:

• nền nhà = floor / ground surface of the house
• sàn gỗ = wooden floor
• sàn bếp = kitchen floor

But sàn nhà is a very natural general phrase for the floor.

A few common ways:

• Sàn nhà còn bẩn à? = The floor is still dirty?
• Sàn nhà còn bẩn không? = Is the floor still dirty?

Notes:

• à often makes it sound like a reaction or confirmation question
• không makes a straightforward yes/no question

Both are common, depending on tone and context.

Some common opposites are:

• Sàn nhà sạch rồi. = The floor is clean now.
• Sàn nhà không còn bẩn nữa. = The floor is no longer dirty.

This second one is especially useful because it mirrors the original sentence:

• còn bẩn = still dirty
• không còn bẩn nữa = no longer dirty

Vietnamese does not use articles the same way English does. There is no direct equivalent that must appear before nouns in ordinary sentences like this.

So Sàn nhà can mean:

• the floor
• a floor
• the house floor

In real use, context tells you which interpretation is intended. In this sentence, it is naturally understood as the floor.

Yes. Sàn nhà is the subject, so the sentence is already complete.

Structure:

• Sàn nhà = subject
• còn bẩn = predicate

Vietnamese does not need a pronoun like it here. Saying Sàn nhà còn bẩn is fully natural and complete.