Chủ nhà và người thuê nhà ở tầng một.

Literally:

• chủ nhà = house owner

  • chủ = owner, master
  • nhà = house, home

• người thuê nhà = person who rents a house/home

  • người = person
  • thuê = rent
  • nhà = house, home

In this sentence, those are naturally understood as the landlord and the tenant.

Because the two expressions are built a little differently.

• chủ nhà is a very common fixed expression. It already means a person: the owner/host/landlord.
• người thuê nhà is more transparently descriptive: the person who rents the house/place.

So người is there to mean person who.... Vietnamese often does this:

• người bán = seller
• người mua = buyer
• người thuê nhà = tenant

You usually just learn chủ nhà as a set phrase.

Here ở means to be at / to stay at / to live at, depending on context.

So ở tầng một can mean:

• are on the first floor
• live on the first floor

Vietnamese often uses ở for location in a way that covers both simple presence and residence. The exact English translation depends on the situation.

Because ở is already the main verb.

This sentence is structured like:

• Chủ nhà và người thuê nhà = subject
• ở tầng một = predicate/location

Vietnamese does not use là before a location in this kind of sentence.

So:

• Tôi ở Hà Nội = I live in Hanoi / I am in Hanoi
• not Tôi là ở Hà Nội

Use là mainly for identification or definition, not for ordinary location.

It follows a very common Vietnamese pattern:

Subject + verb + location

Here:

• Chủ nhà và người thuê nhà = the landlord and the tenant
• ở = are / live
• tầng một = first floor

So the sentence is literally:

The landlord and the tenant + are/live + on floor one.

This is normal Vietnamese word order.

Yes. The word và means and, so chủ nhà và người thuê nhà is one combined subject: the landlord and the tenant.

That means the location ở tầng một applies to both of them.

So the sentence says that both the landlord and the tenant are/live on the first floor.

Tầng một literally means floor one.

However, you should be careful, because floor numbering does not always match English usage perfectly.

In Vietnamese-speaking contexts:

• tầng trệt or tầng ground may be used for the ground floor
• tầng một is often the next floor up

So depending on whether you are thinking in British or American English, the matching term can be confusing.

The safest approach is:

• understand tầng một as floor 1 in the Vietnamese system
• then adjust the English translation based on local convention

Vietnamese usually does not require articles like English a/an/the, and nouns usually do not change form for plural.

So:

• chủ nhà can mean a landlord, the landlord, or landlord
• người thuê nhà can mean a tenant, the tenant, or tenant

The exact meaning comes from context.

Also, there is no special plural form here. Vietnamese does not add an ending like English -s. The fact that there are two people is already clear from X và Y = X and Y.

Yes. Chủ nhà can also mean host or homeowner, depending on context.

For example:

• at someone’s home, chủ nhà may mean the host
• in a housing/rental context, it often means the landlord

Because this sentence also has người thuê nhà (tenant), the meaning landlord is the most natural one here.

Yes, absolutely.

That is one of the most natural questions about this sentence, because ở can cover both ideas:

• current location: are on the first floor
• residence: live on the first floor

Only the wider context tells you which is intended.

For example:

• if people are talking about where each person’s apartment is, live on the first floor is likely
• if people are talking about where they are right now, are on the first floor is likely

Yes. It is natural and straightforward.

It sounds like a simple statement about where the landlord and tenant are or where they live within a building.

Because Vietnamese often leaves some details to context, a short sentence like this is perfectly normal. English sometimes forces you to choose more clearly between are and live, but Vietnamese can leave that open with ở.