Tôi đang khàn giọng.

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• Tôi = I
• đang = a marker for something happening or being true right now
• khàn giọng = hoarse, literally something like hoarse-voiced

So the whole sentence means I am hoarse or My voice is hoarse right now.

Vietnamese often does not need a verb like to be in simple descriptions.

In English, you say:

• I am tired
• I am sick
• I am hoarse

In Vietnamese, you can often say:

• Tôi mệt = I am tired
• Tôi bệnh / Tôi ốm = I am sick
• Tôi khàn giọng = I am hoarse

So khàn giọng works as the description of your condition, and no separate am is needed.

đang adds the idea of currently / at the moment / in an ongoing state.

So:

• Tôi khàn giọng. = I’m hoarse.
• Tôi đang khàn giọng. = I’m hoarse right now.

In many situations, đang is optional if the context already makes the time clear. Vietnamese often omits it unless the speaker wants to emphasize that the condition is happening now.

Yes, it is understandable and natural. It means that your voice sounds hoarse.

However, many speakers also commonly say:

• Tôi khàn tiếng.
• Tôi bị khàn giọng.
• Tôi đang bị khàn giọng.

These are all related, but with slightly different feels:

• khàn giọng = hoarse voice
• khàn tiếng = hoarse / voice affected
• bị khàn giọng = affected by hoarseness, slightly more like describing a condition

So Tôi đang khàn giọng is fine, but in real conversation you may also hear the other versions very often.

They are very close in meaning, and both are commonly used for being hoarse.

A simple way to think about it:

• khàn giọng focuses more on the voice
• khàn tiếng is a very common everyday way to say someone is hoarse

Examples:

• Tôi khàn giọng.
• Tôi khàn tiếng.

Both can usually be translated as I’m hoarse.

As a learner, it is useful to recognize both. If you say either one, people will understand you.

Both combinations exist, but they do different jobs.

• khàn giọng is commonly used as a predicate/expression meaning to be hoarse
• giọng khàn is more like a noun phrase meaning a hoarse voice

Compare:

• Tôi khàn giọng. = I’m hoarse.
• Tôi có giọng khàn. = I have a hoarse voice.

So in your sentence, khàn giọng is the natural descriptive expression.

Sometimes yes. bị often suggests being affected by something unpleasant or undesirable.

Compare:

• Tôi khàn giọng. = I’m hoarse.
• Tôi bị khàn giọng. = I’ve got hoarseness / I’m suffering from a hoarse voice.
• Tôi đang bị khàn giọng. = I’m currently suffering from hoarseness.

So adding bị can make it sound a little more like a medical or unfortunate condition. Without bị, the sentence is simpler and more direct.

Tôi is a neutral and fairly safe word for I, but Vietnamese pronouns depend heavily on who you are talking to.

For example, depending on the relationship, a speaker might say:

• Em đang khàn giọng.
• Con đang khàn giọng.
• Cháu đang khàn giọng.

So the grammar of the sentence can stay the same, but the pronoun may change.

If you are speaking in a neutral situation, especially as a learner, tôi is usually acceptable. But in family or social situations, a different pronoun may sound more natural.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Tôi: like toy, but not exactly the English word
• đang: roughly dang with a Vietnamese đ, which sounds like a regular English d
• khàn: starts with an aspirated kh sound, somewhat like the kh in some transliterations of other languages; it has a falling tone
• giọng: the pronunciation of gi depends on dialect:
  • in Northern Vietnamese, it is often like z
  • in Southern Vietnamese, often more like y or a soft j

A learner should especially notice:

• đ is different from d
• tones matter
• giọng has a heavy, marked tone, so it should not be said flatly

If your goal is being understood, getting the tones approximately right is more important than making it sound exactly native.

Not exactly.

Tôi đang khàn giọng means I’m hoarse or my voice is raspy/rough.

If you want to say I’m losing my voice, Vietnamese would more naturally use something like:

• Tôi đang mất giọng. = I’m losing my voice.
• Tôi gần như không nói được. = I can hardly speak.

So khàn giọng is about the quality of the voice, not necessarily the complete loss of it.

No. Those are related ideas, but they are not the same.

• khàn giọng = hoarse
• đau họng = have a sore throat

So:

• Tôi đang khàn giọng. = I’m hoarse.
• Tôi đang đau họng. = I have a sore throat.

You can have one without the other, though they often happen together when you are sick.