Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay.

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• khuôn = mold / mould / template / form, depending on context
• ở = to be located at / in / on
• bên = side / beside
• bàn xoay = turntable / rotating table

So the sentence structure is basically:

• Khuôn = the mold
• ở bên bàn xoay = is beside the turntable

In Vietnamese, you do not use là for location.

For location, Vietnamese usually uses ở. In this sentence, ở does the job that English expresses with is at / is in / is on / is beside.

So:

• Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay = The mold is beside the turntable.

But:

• Khuôn là bên bàn xoay would be unnatural/incorrect.

A good rule is:

• là = used for identification or equivalence
• ở = used for location

For learners, the easiest way to understand it is as a location verb meaning to be located.

So in:

• Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay

ở is telling you where the mold is.

Vietnamese grammar does not always divide words the same way English does, so you may sometimes see ở described in slightly different ways. But for practical use, think:

• ở = to be at / in / on / by

That will help you build correct sentences.

bên literally means side.

In a sentence like this, ở bên + noun means something like:

• at the side of
• beside
• by

So:

• ở bên bàn xoay = beside the turntable

In very natural everyday Vietnamese, many speakers would also say:

• ở bên cạnh bàn xoay
• bên cạnh bàn xoay

These are a bit more explicitly like next to / beside.

Here, bàn xoay is understood as a noun phrase / compound noun meaning turntable or rotating table.

So:

• bàn = table
• xoay = rotate / turn

Together, they form the idea of a table whose function is to rotate.

It does not normally mean the table is rotating right now in this sentence.

If you wanted to say the table is rotating, you would usually say something clearer, such as:

• Cái bàn đang xoay.

Here, though, bàn xoay is just the name of the object.

This is the normal Vietnamese pattern:

• thing + ở + location

So:

• Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay
  = The mold is beside the turntable

This is similar to English in overall meaning, even though Vietnamese does not need an extra is plus preposition the same way English does.

Other examples of the same pattern are:

• Sách ở trên bàn. = The book is on the table.
• Xe ở ngoài nhà. = The vehicle is outside the house.

Not necessarily.

Vietnamese often allows a bare noun like khuôn when the context is clear, especially in simple descriptive sentences.

So Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay is possible.

But in many everyday situations, especially in speech, a classifier may sound more natural:

• Cái khuôn ở bên bàn xoay.

That can sound a bit more like The mold is beside the turntable as a complete conversational sentence.

A useful guideline:

• bare noun = often fine when context is clear
• classifier + noun = often more natural when referring to a specific physical object

Vietnamese does not use articles like English a and the.

So khuôn could mean:

• a mold
• the mold
• sometimes even molds

The exact meaning depends on context.

Likewise, bàn xoay could mean:

• a turntable
• the turntable

If Vietnamese needs to be more specific, it uses other words, such as:

• này = this
• đó / kia = that
• một = one / a

For example:

• một cái khuôn = a mold
• cái khuôn này = this mold
• cái bàn xoay kia = that turntable

Usually, in a full sentence, it is better to keep ở:

• Khuôn ở bên bàn xoay.

Without ở, the phrase may sound incomplete or more like a note, label, or shortened description rather than a normal full sentence.

So for standard sentence-building, use:

• noun + ở + location

That is the safest pattern for learners.

Yes.

These are all related, but they are not exactly the same in feel:

• bên = side / beside
• cạnh = next to
• bên cạnh = beside / next to

So you may also hear:

• Khuôn ở cạnh bàn xoay.
• Khuôn ở bên cạnh bàn xoay.

For many learners, bên cạnh is the easiest and most explicit way to say next to.

So if you want a very clear version, you can use:

• Khuôn ở bên cạnh bàn xoay.

Yes. Khuôn can mean different things depending on context, such as:

• mold / mould
• template
• form
• frame
• die

So the exact English word depends on the situation.

In this sentence, since the meaning has already been given to the learner, you should follow that context. But it is good to know that khuôn is a flexible word and does not always map to just one English word.